Photovoltaic power generation systems (PV) require a battery for night and rainy day operation. A redox flow battery has advantages over Pb-acid designs for this application with respect to the capability of deep discharge and needlessness of equalized charge. The authors have developed a high performance vanadium redox flow battery for this purpose and an inexpensive production technology for its electrolyte, which forms the majority of the battery cost, by using chemical reduction from boiler plant by-products. A 2 kW (10 kWh) battery, the minimum unit for practical battery size (50 kW/spl times/50 h), achieved 1.2 kW/cm/sup 2/-electrode area at the 100 mA/cm/sup 2/ current density.
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机译：光伏发电系统（PV）需要电池才能在夜间和雨天运行。就深度放电的能力和均衡电荷的不必要性而言，对于该应用而言，氧化还原液流电池具有优于铅酸设计的优势。为此，作者开发了一种高性能钒氧化还原液流电池，并通过使用锅炉厂副产品中的化学还原剂，为其电解质提供了一种廉价的生产技术，该技术构成了电池成本的绝大部分。 2 kW（10 kWh）电池（实际电池尺寸的最小单位（50 kW / spl倍/ 50 h））在100 mA / cm / sup 2 /电流下达到1.2 kW / cm / sup 2 /电极面积密度。
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