Nanotechnology approach in macro- and nanostructures

摘要

The different techniques and approaches have been used in order to study the optical materials and to develop the novel macro- and nanostructures based on these materials. Among them the priority can be done to the laser oriented technique and to the nanotechnology approach. In the current paper the materials surface structuration are shown by use of the CO_2-laser under the varied electric field of 100-600 V×cm~(-1). At this condition the carbon nanotubes have been deposited in the vertical position at the materials surfaces and organized the covalent bonding between carbon atoms and matrix materials atoms. The comparative results about change of the spectral, mechanical and wetting phenomena are presented for such inorganic materials: MgF_2, BaF_2, CaF_2, LiF, Si, Ge, ZnSe, Cu, Al, etc. Mechanisms responsible both for the spectral characteristics change and the mechanical hardness as well as for the wetting angle increase are discussed. Analytical and quantum chemical calculation have been made to support the experimental results. Based on the new obtained results, some emphasis is given on the change of the polymer materials surface relief, when these organics are doped with the effective nano-objects (fullerenes and/or nanotubes) with the varied concentration. The structured inorganic and organic materials can extend the area of the application not only in the general optoelectronics, but in the solar energy direction and in the biomedicine as well.