A number of actions, collectively known as binding, prepare anreference for invocation of its target: locating the target, setting upna connection, checking access rights and concurrency control state,ntype-checking, instantiating a proxy, etc. Existing languages ornoperating systems support only a single binding policy, that cannot bentailored to object-specific semantics for the management ofndistribution, replication, or persistence. We propose a general bindingnprotocol covering the above needs; the protocol is simple (a single RPCnand one upcall at each end) but recursive; however the recursion can benterminated at any point, trading off simplicity and performance againstncompleteness. This comprehensive, unified protocol is capable ofnsupporting different languages and object models, and may be tailored tonsupport various policies in a simple manner
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