PULP AND CHEMICAL CELLULOSE OBTAINED WITH OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES BY A MODIFIED IDE PROCESS

摘要

The sulphur-free IDE pulping concept was initially introduced to provide suitable high-yield pulps for writing and printing papers. Further development of the yield and pulp properties was aimed at by extreme modification of the process conditions, e.g. reduction of the impregnation temperature and increase of the delignification temperature. The IDE was also started by a relatively mild hydrolysis (H) to produce high-yield cellulose for chemical purposes. The initially modified IDE and HIDE applied on spruce were presented already in the 2001 USM-JIRCAS Symposium. Since then, also birch and nonwood materials have been studied including oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) of Malaysia. Unbleached, screened IDE pulp yields were obtained with EFB in the range from 46 to 50 % dependent on the delignification temperature (165-175 ℃) with corresponding kappa numbers from 11 to 9 and viscosities from 760 to 640 mL/g. The bleached pulp derived from a cook at 170 ℃ provided a yield of 47 %, viscosity of 660 mL/g and a brightness of 87.5 % ISO. The IDE pulps obtained with EFB were considered satisfactory for paper. HIDE again yielded 48-49 % unbleached, screened EFB pulps with kappa numbers 9-11 and viscosities 720-780 mL/g. The bleached HIDE pulp yield was 46 % with a viscosity of 660 mL/g and a brightness of 88.5 % ISO.