Fractionation Characterization of Saccharina japonica Bio-oil for Bio-based Chemicals and Materials

摘要

Unlike petroleum oil, bio-oil is a thermally unstable and complex mixture of oxygenated organic compounds such as carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters and anhydrosugars. Reduced pressure distillation can allow thermally unstable compounds to be distilled under lower temperatures. The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties of the bio-oil fractionated by vacuum distillation for production of bio-based chemicals and materials. The maximum yields of bio-oil from S. japonica were 47% and 33% respectively at 450℃ for 10 min. The four distilled fractions of the crude bio-oil were obtained at temperature 25-160 ℃ with a reduced pressure of 40 mmHg. The four distilled fractions from the crude bio-oil were obtained at temperature 25-160 ℃ under a reduced pressure of 40 mmHg: the fraction Ⅰ (first distillate, boiling point (b.p. ＜ 40 ℃), the fraction Ⅱ (second distillate, 40 ℃ ＜ b.p. ＜ 120 ℃), the fraction III (third distillate, 120 ℃ ＜ b.p. ＜ 160 ℃) and the residue (third distillate, b.p. ＞ 160 ℃). The distilled bio-oils obtained at each temperature range considered were analysed by GC/MS. The fraction Ⅰ and Ⅲ of aqueous phase, except for the fraction Ⅱ, were mainly composed of 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone and dianhydromannitol as oxygenated compounds respectively. It is worth mentioning that the distillates had a potential to be further separated into pure chemicals because of the difference in their boiling points. The fraction Ⅱ and Ⅲ of non-aqueous showed the chromatograms including unseparated organic mixture with the rising baseline during GC analysis. The composition of the bio-oil fractions obtained from this research was compared with S. japonica bio-oil analysed by Kim et al. (2012). This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries of Korea (contract no. 20131039449).