AN OVERVIEW OF DESIGN, MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES OF MODERN WIND TURBINE BLADES

摘要

The rotor blade design of a wind turbine utilises the aerodynamic lift forces that an aerofoil experiences in a moving stream of air. The shape of the blade and its angle in relation to the relative wind direction both affect its aerodynamic performance. The function of the rotor blade and its interaction with other components within the wind turbine system are very complex. Computer models are available for continuous measuring of the varying conditions under which the rotor blade operates and these aid in future designs. This paper provides the background on the evolution of design and materials currently employed in modern wind turbines as well as providing an overview of computer design tools that are utilised to optimise the performance of wind turbine rotor blades. The basic material systems and tradeoffs associated with fatigue, corrosion and strength to weight ratio, are discussed. Methods and techniques employed in manufacturing wind turbine rotor blades are also presented. It is concluded that, the requirements for rotor blades to be light and incorporate progressive spanwise variation in twist, chord and profile can only be met by special materials. Currently close competition lies between composites and metal alloys. In general, properties of materials have become the leading design drivers for modern wind turbine blades.