THE QUALITY OF BY PRODUCTS DURING CO-COMBUSTION OF BIOMASS IN COAL-FIRED POWER STATIONS

摘要

An agreement was made between the Dutch government and the electricity producing companies for reducing the CO_2-emissions with 3 million ton in 2008. In practice this means that about 13% of the coal by energy or about 20% by dry mass will be replaced by secondary fuel. Since 1993 KEMA has researched the effect of direct co-combustion in 39 test series. In these test series secondary fuels are co-combusted in proportions up to 42% by dry mass. All by-products in the Netherlands have to be used. The quality of the by products was an important issue in these test. The technical properties, the environmental properties and the health aspects were investigated in detail. New standards for the application in cement and concrete were established on the results of these test series. The KEMA TRACE MODEL~®.predicts the composition of the ashes and establishes whether the ashes are hazardous or not according to the definitions of the European Waste Catalogue of the European Union.