ACHIEVEMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND CHALLENGE OF CHINESE ROCK (UNDERGROUDN) ENGINEERING 'THE RESEARCH OF ROCK MECHANICS IN 21st CENTURY IN CHINA'

摘要

The research of rock mechanics and engineering must integrate with the geography and geologic environment. knowledge of Chinese rock engineering starts with chinese geography and geology environment. (1) properties of the geography the topography takes on the characteristic of echelon. And there is three echelon topography from west to east. the first echelon: The western Qinghai-Tibet plateau, its elevation is 4 000 m; the second echelon: The plateau and basin lying to the east and north of the verge of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, its elevation is 1 000-2 000 m, the third echelon; The eastern hill and plain, its elevation is less than 500 meters, the third echelon extend to the sea and forms the continental shelf near the sea. (2) the geotectonic behaviors The Earth's surface is covered by Six rigid crustal plates drifting on the asthenosphere, which moves and rotates ceaselessly. Our country lies in the Eurasian plate. Chinese mainland again can be divided into several sub-plates. (3) the distribution of the strain and stress field of the earth The deformation of the plates mainly concentrates in the verge of the plates. For our country, the deformation mainly is the verge between the Eurasia and the India plate, pacific plate. Because the plates collide mutually, crustal plates will be risen and earthquake will be caused to happen.