The Ecological-Hydrological Characteristics of the Three Manmade Forest Communities in the Central Yunnan Province

摘要

In present work, we studied the ecological-hydrological law of three manmade forest communities at a located site of the central Yunnan province from 1998 to 2000. The finding indicated that the interception of canopy, stem-flow, through-fall of E.maideni-A.mearnsii, E.maideni, P.Yunnanensis took respectively up 35.21%, 0.65%, 64.14%; 30.10%, 0.88%, 67.56%; 27.8%, 4.64%, 69.25% of total precipitation. The canopy interception was up to maximum when precipitation per day was 70 mm for P.yunnanensis and E.maideni and 90 mm-95 mm for E.maideni, after exploiting moving variance analysis, a new analysis way. Surface runoff in the contrast restored naturally were 3-4 times more than the ones in manmade forest. Among the following factors influencing the ecological hydrology of forest, i.e., plant diversity, the dominance of the arbor layer, percentage of soil organism, through-fall, minimum water-holding capacity of soil, soil bulk, the canopy interception , non-capillary porosity of soil, number of litters per year, Si /V of soil, maximum holding-water capacity of soil, total porosity of soil, average timber of arbor, stem-flow, capillary porositybut, bio-diversity is the key factors that act on other factors and influenced the capacity of surface runoff control directly and indirectly. The bio-diversity characteristics of forests and the biological nature of edificators influence much significantly ecological- hydrological effects and law of ecosystem.