PEDOGENESIS, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DRAINED FORMER LACUSTRINE SOILS IN CENTRAL EUROPE

摘要

Thirteen sites in Germany and Poland with gyttja soils have been investigated during the last 3 years. In order to close the lack of knowledge about these special soils 60 profiles with their typical horizons have been surveyed. Furthermore chemical and physical analysis and a pollen analysis have been carried out for a better description of the properties. The soils have been subjected to a great deformation process on their way from subhydric to the semiterrestrial soils. Duration and intensity of the ripening strongly depended on the intensity of drainage, the texture, the amount and quality of humus and the amount of calcium carbonate. The physical ripening led to completely new structures (clods, blocks, plates), which modified the hydraulic conditions (increasing saturated hydraulic conductivity, more macro pores).