Flammability Update: Technology and Regulations

摘要

Markets for most flame resistant fibers and fabrics are driven primarily by federal, state and local codes and regulations. The last two years have seen significant regulatory activity at the state and federal levels. Both the California Bureau of Home Furnishings and Thermal Insulation and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission have been working on new regulations for bedding and upholstered furniture which have a potential to affect large markets. Enclosed are a summary of recent regulatory actions and the flammability characteristics that will be required of fibers and nonwoven products to meet the new regulatory criteria. To supply the newly regulated markets, fiber manufacturers offer several options for inherently flame resistant products. Fibers such as aramids, melamine, modified cellulosic, and carbon fiber offer thermal stability and good char structure. Other fibers, such as modacrylics and modified polyesters may contain active flame retardants. The fundamentals of condensed phase and vapor phase retardant action and the specific end uses where the different modes of action are most effective are outlined within. Research and testing undertaken to develop products for the newly regulated markets will also be discussed.