Watermarking Method to Embed Bitstream onto Singular Values Given by Singular Value Decomposition

摘要

Singular value decomposition (SVD) decomposes a matrix into two orthogonal matrixes and a diagonal matrix. This diagonal matrix has a property such that it is invariant to the addition of linear independent row/column to original matrix, which is a very convenient property for the watermarking. We propose the watermarking method which embeds the bitstream by giving a slight modification to the singular values and confirm its robustness against various image processing. The proposed method has the following properties. (1)It does not need the original image to extract the watermark. (2)It is robust against random number addition and low bit deletion because the watermark is diffused to allover image. (3)It gives a convenient way for calculating SNR.