ICE CRUSHING TESTS USING A MODIFIED NOVEL APPARATUS

摘要

Modifications to the novel ice crushing apparatus used by Gagnon and Daley (2006) to reduce its compliance in order to eliminate in-plane fractures and related behavior in the ice specimens have been completed. The first set of experiments with the modified apparatus has been performed using large single crystals of ice, lab-grown polycrystalline ice and iceberg ice. Rectangular thick sections (1 cm thickness) of ice were confined between two thick borosilicate glass plates and crushed at -10 ℃ from one edge face at a rate of 1 cm/s using a transparent Plexiglas platen (1 cm thickness) inserted between the plates. Visual data were recorded from the side using high-speed video (1000 images/s) and vertically through the platen using regular video. Pressure measurements were obtained at the platen/ice interface utilizing the system's newly calibrated unique pressure sensor. Ice contact consisted of intact hard zones that sustained pressures in the 40-70 Mpa range and pulverized ice where the pressure was generally lower. As in the previous report, the production and flow of liquid in a thin layer at the intact ice/platen interface was evident. Essentially, the apparatus provided visual data of a 2-D slice of ice during crushing as though it was part of a larger piece of ice.