BREEDING FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE: BLACKLEG DISEASE IN CANOLA

摘要

Blackleg caused by the fungus Leptosphaeria maculans (anamorph: Phoma lingam) is the most important disease of canola in Canada. It is a major breeding priority of the breeding programs in Canada. Annual losses are estimated at over $ 45 million in Manitoba. Cotyledons, leaves, stems, roots and pods of rapeseed are attacked by the pathogen. The pathogen is prevalent in all canola grown areas of Canada. It is a major disease in rapeseed grown areas of Australia, USA and Europe. The disease has been spreading into new areas including Wuhan in the Hubei province, Hefei in Anhui province, and Guiyang in Guizhou province in the Peoples Republic of China, and in canola growing regions in Brazil. In Canada the predominant strain is the virulent PG-2. The less pathogenic PG-1 is also found. The PG-3 and the highly virulent PG-4 strains are found predominantly in Europe and Australia respectively.