Characteristics of Winter Monsoon

摘要

There have been many efforts to understand the winter climate, and to predict the variation of the winter monsoon circulation in East Asia (Chang and Lau, 1982; Chang et al., 1979; Ding and Krishnamurti, 1987; Murakami, 1987; Zhang et al., 1997).In spite of the diverse effort to explain the East Asian winter monsoon, many unexplained features and characteristics of the winter monsoon still remain. First of all, there are few defined indices for the winter monsoon, especially in East Asia. In the case of the East Asian and Indian summer monsoons, many meteorologists have defined the monsoon indices to investigate the characteristics of the summer monsoon (Lau et al., 2000; Wang and Fan, 1999; Webster and Yang, 1992). Therefore, our study tries to define a new East Asian winter monsoon index (EAWMI).