WIND POWER, DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND TRANSMISSIONLOSSES - INTEGRATION OF 50+ PERCENT WIND POWER?

摘要

Denmark has the World’s highest penetration of wind power in electricityrngeneration with a share of 15.0% of total domestic demand in 2002 (DEA,rn2004). This is unevenly distributed in the two electricity systems of Denmarkrngiving a share as high as 20.7% in Western Denmark in 2003 up from 18.3% inrn2002 (Eltra, 2004). At the same time, Denmark has other forms of distributedrngeneration e.g. extensive CHP plants for district heating or for coveringrnindustrial heat demands. This results in a relatively high fuel efficiency as wellrnas a technically complex energy system.rnThis article deliberates the possibilities for integration of even more wind powerrnusing new power balancing strategies that exploit the possibilities given by thernexistence of CHP plants as well as the impact of heat pumps for district heating.rnThe analyses demonstrate that it is possible to accommodate 50% or morernwind power without relying on import or export for power balancing. The impactsrnon the transmission system are furthermore analysed demonstrating that newrnstrategies for balancing power generation and power demand (power balancingrnstrategies) also influence grid losses and the requirements of the transmissionrngrid. If new power balancing strategies are not applied, costly grid expansionsrnwill follow expansions in installed wind power capacity.