A comparison of residual microstructures in explosively formed projectiles of copper and iron and their role in hydrocode validation

摘要

We have compared microstructural features in copper and iron explosively formed projectiles (EFPs) using optical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The differences in their melting temperature and crystal structure are expected to affect their flow behavior resulting in differences in their microstructure. Twinning and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and their inter-relationship seem to be significant mechanisms in the EFP formation process. Microindentation hardness measurements were carried out to relate structure with property. AUTODYN-2D hydrocode simulations were also performed in order to validate the code utilizing both geometrical and material issues that affect the formation of an EFP.