WATER QUALITY MONITORING OF LAKES IN BERLIN, GERMANY, USING AIRBORNE REMOTE SENSINGTECHNIQUES

摘要

Water is one of the most important resources for life on Earth and thus has thernsame relative importance for the city of Berlin. The 3.4 million inhabitants of thisrnmetropolis are supplied with drinking water by its own ground water resourcesrnexclusively. The refill of the ground water is accomplished up to 70 % by the surfacernwaters. The high demand for drinking water requires a water quality based managementrnof both the ground water and the surface water resources. For surface waters the spatialrndistribution of the water quality is often clearly pronounced, however, the recognition isrnsignificant for the resource management.rnWater colour remote sensing provides the necessary information for thernmonitoring of freshwater systems. Present remote sensing techniques covering thernretrieval of water quality related to inland waters open the way to new perspectives inrnmonitoring of freshwater systems routinely which are of great environmental and socialrnimportance for human use.rnIn summer 1995 major lakes in Berlin were overflown several times with thernCompact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (casi) during the period of highest biologicalrnactivity. The acquired data were analysed quantitatively with an adapted neural networkrntechnique for the retrieval of water constituents such as chlorophyll-a, yellow substance,rnand suspended matter. The results reveal spatial and temporal concentration variationsrnwhich are of major importance from the limnologieal and environmental point of view.