Although the basic Modbus protocol is based on the master-slave communication paradigm with a single master, along the years it has been extended in various ways, in order to provide additional features such as, for instance, the coexistence of multiple masters on the same TIA/EIA-485 fieldbus segment. The design of a master election protocol in this environment is seemingly straightforward and the designer may believe that its correctness can be assessed satisfactorily by intuition and testing. However, in this paper is it shown how formal verification can help to identify and fix subtle and low-probability issues, which seldom occur in practice, and therefore, may be extremely difficult to detect during pre-production testing.
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机译：尽管基本的Modbus协议基于具有单个主站的主从通信范例，但是多年来，它已以各种方式进行了扩展，以提供其他功能，例如，多个主站在同一主机上并存。 TIA / EIA-485现场总线网段。在这种环境下，主选举协议的设计看似简单明了，设计人员可能认为通过直觉和测试可以令人满意地评估其正确性。但是，本文显示了形式验证如何帮助识别和解决在实践中很少发生的细微和低概率问题，因此在生产前测试中可能很难检测到。
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