Fractal and space-filling curves are implemented for the development of fractal slot antennas. The conventional slot is replaced by a space-filling curve having the same electrical properties. Several space-filling curves have been studied and compared. Sierpinski spacefilling curve and Minkowski fractal shape have been selected. It has been found that the antenna bandwidth is decreased with increasing the iteration number. This is mainly due to both high coupling effects between slots and width constraints imposed by higher iteration, which deteriorates the antenna matching. The 1st iteration Sierpinski slot antenna has a bandwidth of 10% and is confined in 2.2 x 2.2cm~2. The corresponding normal λ slot antenna occupies 9 x 0.6cm~2. This shows that the proposed space-filling slot antenna has a compact shape, which allows the use of a reduced size ground plane. On the other hand, the 1st iteration Minkowski slot antenna has a bandwidth of 35%, and is confined in 5 x 5cm~2, while the 2nd iteration has a bandwidth of 22.5% and is confined in 3 x 2cm~2. The design and simulation have been performed using full-wave electromagnetic simulator.
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机译：分形和空间填充曲线用于分形缝隙天线的发展。用具有相同电特性的空间填充曲线代替常规插槽。研究和比较了几个空间填充曲线。选择了Sierpinski空间填充曲线和Minkowski分形。已经发现，随着迭代次数的增加，天线带宽减小。这主要是由于时隙之间的高耦合效应和较高迭代所施加的宽度约束，这会恶化天线匹配。第一次迭代Sierpinski缝隙天线的带宽为10％，并限制在2.2 x 2.2cm〜2之间。对应的正常λ缝隙天线占用9 x 0.6cm〜2。这表明所提出的填隙缝隙天线具有紧凑的形状，这允许使用减小尺寸的接地平面。另一方面，第一次迭代的Minkowski缝隙天线的带宽为35％，限制在5 x 5cm〜2，而第二次迭代的带宽为22.5％，限制在3 x 2cm〜2。使用全波电磁模拟器进行了设计和仿真。
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