Operational Concepts for planning, executing and assessing Effects-Based Operations (EBO) have been evolving over the past 5 years. The EBO concept is based on relating actions in a battle plan to overall effects. Evaluating these relationships requires the synthesis of a number of modeling approaches. A prototype system to assist in developing Courses of Action (COAs) for Effects-Based Operations and evaluating them in terms of the probability of achieving the desired effects has been developed and is called CAESAR Ⅱ/EB. The tool supports both static and dynamic evaluation of COAs by integrating influence nets with discrete event systems modeling techniques. One challenge being addressed is how to use this type of modeling capability in real world command and control environments. Preliminary operational concepts were tested during the Naval War College Global 2000 war game. Based on the lessons learned, CAESAR Ⅱ/EB was used in a much more extensive fashion in the Global 2001 war game resulting in more substantial understanding of the appropriateness of these techniques in support of EBO. Models of the complete battle plan were built to support both the planning and execution phases of the game. The organizational location of the modeling team and its interaction with the multiple command and control cells in the game using network centric collaborative tools was tested and examined. Experiences with building and using the models as a decision support system for the war game are described. In addition requirements for enhancements to the modeling techniques generated from this experience are discussed.
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