Emission inventory for fine dust in Flanders (Belgium)

摘要

There is a growing international concern for emissions of total suspended particles (TSP), PM_(10) and PM_(2.5). Therefore, by order of the VMM (Flemish Environmental Agency), an emission-inventory for Flanders (Belgium) has been made for these pollutants for the years 1995 and 2000. This was done on the basis of data from annual environmental reports from individual companies, specific measurements, emission factors from the literature, output figures, consumptions of fuel, statistics, ... The results show that for TSP and PM_(10) the emissions from road and land abrasion (primarily in the agriculture) dominate. The exhaust emissions from traffic and the emissions from the industry become more important for the fraction PM_(10). This contribution increases even more for the fraction PM_(2.5) because the emitted particles from road abrasion are larger than 2,5 μm in aerodynamic diameter. Between 1995 and 2000 there is a large reduction of fine dust emissions from the industry. This has been achieved by taking different dust reduction measures for the process emissions and by an increase of the share of low-emission fuels. Within the same period a slight decrease in emissions is determined from space heating, the energy sector, traffic (exhaust) and agriculture. The inventory of the non-exhaust emissions is more problematic because only limited information is available. It is necessary to start new research and measuring programs for this type of emissions to obtain better emission factors for PM_(10) and PM_(2.5). The best certainty is obtained when the fractions of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) are measured. These PM fractions are very sector- and company specific. Furthermore, it can be noted that the implementation of reduction measures have a great influence on the size distribution of the dust emissions.