Investigations into disinfection by-product formation and control for small drinking water systems in Northern Regions

摘要

Disinfection by-products (DBP) are formed by the reaction between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in water and a disinfectant, usually chlorine. Raw water samples from 17 small water systems in Alaska were used to study disinfection by-product formation. UV absorbance at 254 nanometers (UV 254) served as an excellent predictor of DBP formation potential (DBPFP) for surface waters. UV-254 was combined with other standard methods such as color and DOC to determine the nature of organic matter contributing to DBPs. No other methods showed the strong correlations between UV-254 and DBPFP. DOC, on the other hand, showed only a fair correlation to DBPFP. For-each of the 17 Alaska waters studied, the total trihalomethane formation potential (TTHMFP) and haloacetic acid formation potential (HAA5FP) ranged from 37-1200 ug/L. For each source, the TTHMFP and HAA5FP were essentially equal.