In conclusion, global business expansion and local consumers require local-global-local networks with relentless cost reduction, dynamic service bundling, and any-to-any reach. The "Follow-the-Sun" business model has determined that a fundamental infrastructure must be established to meet such demands. No matter which services are being offered either through wire line or wireless technology, customers are demanding more bandwidth to enable more services through either the existing PSTN network or the Internet. To meet these challenges, optical technology is critical to providing a migration path for even higher bandwidth to a local-global-local network. What electronics brought to us in the 20~(th) century, optics will bring to us with even more capability and more cost effectiveness in the new millennium.
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