Hydrogen and Hydrogen Containing Gas Formation at the Radiation-Thermal Clean Up of Water from Oil Pollution

摘要

The regularities of hydrogen and hydrogen-containing gas formation at the purification of oil industry sewage by radiation-chemical method have been studied. Radiation-thermal transformations of hydrocarbon admixtures in the water medium have been established. As a model was selected heptane-water system, the received results have been tested on an example of Caspian oil. The experiments have been carried out in the static and thermostable conditions under impact of γ-radiations Co~(60). The influence of the dose, temperature, medium, initial concentration of components to the radiation-chemical yield of the hydrogen and other gases have been established. It was shown that in the temperatures higher 300 ℃ as a result of interaction of components and active particles, which are formed from their radiolysis decomposition of hydrocarbons turns into the chain mode and yields of gas products (H_2, CO, CH_4, EC_2- ΣC_6) were higher than additive quantity. It is defined optimal temperature interval T = 400-450 ℃ and absorbed dose D = 2.5-4.0 kGy for purification of 87-90 % of Caspian oil with initial concentration less than 0.1 % in the water. The influence of oxygen on radiation-chemical production of hydrogen-containing gases from the water-heptane system was studied. In the water medium proposed four stages, it simplified the kinetic model of the hydrocarbon admixtures radiation-chemical decompositions and hydrogen-containing gas formation. Calculations were carried out according to this model. The mechanism of proceed processes and results of feasibility studies on developed method are discussed.