Modular Low-Cost Hardware-in-the-Loop Battery System Simulator Part 2: Simulation

摘要

By emulating energy storage devices, hardware-in-the-loop simulators are used for the experimental testing and development of battery management systems and algorithms. This poster discusses use cases and the benefits of a self-developed, modular battery simulator which is capable of both sinking and sourcing currents to integrate loads, chargers and passive and active balancing systems into a hardware-in-the-loop simulation.In order to illustrate the advantages of the battery simulator, the investigation and evaluation of two methods for online parameterization by a hardware-in-the-loop simulation is described in detail. For this purpose, a battery management system is developed and integrated into the hardware-in-the-loop platform. The embedded system monitors the cell voltages, state of charge and the battery temperature and controls the battery current and a balancing circuit. Additionally, two different Kalman filtering algorithms are implemented to continuously estimate the capacities of cells. Following, the underlying model of the battery simulator is customized. In addition to an equivalent circuit model for a total of four lithium-ion cells in a row and a thermal model, an accelerated ageing model is implemented and integrated into the battery simulator to simulate a significant reduction in capacity in a short time. Subsequently, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation is performed to test the basic functions of the battery management system. The adapted aging model also allows a quick check of the implemented Kalman filtering algorithms. Signal propagation times and measurement noises influence the parameter and state estimations as well as the performance and accuracy of the battery management system and the algorithms.The results of the simulation show that the development and integration of new algorithms can be supported with the aid of the hardware-in-the-loop simulator. The access to the actual parameter and state data allows a direct comparison of the performance of different algorithms. The developed, modular system is suitable for testing and validating various battery management systems with low resources and time expenditure without any safety risks and considering real world issues.