Energy efficient and demand-driven operationof automated rapid transit systems

摘要

In order to offer a more attractive rail transit system to passengers and to en-hancernthe economic efficiency of the operator demand-driven train operation isrnsuggested. A spatial and temporal adaptation of capacity to demand is requiredrnbecause passenger demand uctuates during the day and along the transit line.rnIn this respect, automated transit systems are known to be able to operate ac-cordingrnto demand. In this paper a comparison of traditionally operated urbanrntransit systems and more exible and demand-driven line haul APM systems isrnpresented. The in uence of the vehicle size is examined with respect to demand-drivenrncontrollability of supply, traction energy consumption, eet size and overallrnfleet capacity. An estimation of the potential reduction of traction energy andrnfleet capacity is described. In order to estimate the interaction between demandrnand supply an aggregated transport demand model is used. With the help ofrnthis model an optimal demand-dependent control strategy for the train headwayrncan be derived explicitly taking into consideration the spatiotemporal distribu-tionrnof demand. This strategy considers the vehicle capacity, the minimum andrnmaximum admissible train headway and the change in demand to a change inrnsupply simultaneously. In spite of an increased number of trains per day (shorterrntrain headways), the overall traction energy consumption can be decreased byrnabout 20 % with a demand-driven AGT operation compared to a fixed interval timetable.