Abstract: The technique and instrumentation for remote (ground) measurements of the optical refractive index structure parameter C$-n$/$+2$/ using an acoustic sounder (sodar) is described. The procedure of the sodar absolute calibration is discussed. The comparison between the sodar and in situ measurements suggests that the errors which are inherent to the method proposed are essentially less than the space-time variability of C$-n$/$+2$/. The results of the study of optically active turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer above mountainous and urban areas are presented. !22
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