Carcinoma cellular uptake, imaging, and targeting by RGD- and TAT-conjugated upconversion and/or magnetic nanoparticles

摘要

We have developed monodisperse magnetic Fe_3O_4, upconversion NaYF_4:Yb~(3+)/Er~(3+), and dual paramagnetic/ upconversion NaGdF_4: Yb~(3+)/Er~(3+) nanoparticles with tunable size by thermal decomposition of Fe(III) oleate and lanthanide chlorides in high-boiling organic solvents. Aminosilica and 4-pentynoic acid were then introduced on the particle surface to conjugate the cell adhesive and cell penetrating RGD and TAT peptides, respectively. Optionally, NaYF_4:Yb~(3+)/Er~(3+)@SiO_2-NH_2 particles reacted with methoxyPEG succinimidyl ester to diminish uptake of the particles by the reticulo-endothelial system. Neural stem cell viability and labeling efficiency of the particles were determined. Al carboxyphthalocyanine was conjugated to NaYF_4:Yb~(3+)/Er~(3+)@SiO_2-PEG nanoparticles, which were intravenously administered in athymic nude mice with xenotransplanted human prostate carcinoma PC-3. After NIR photodynamic therapy, the tumor subsided and its volume approached to zero.