The characterization of graphene-reconstituted low-density lipoproteins and small molecule inhibitor nanoparticles in preparation for use in laser immunotherapy

摘要

We here report on the synthesis and characterization of two nanoparticles focused on cancer treatment vialaser immunotherapy (LIT), which is a novel cancer treatment modality with the ability to eradicate primarytumors directly and induce an immune response to destroy distant metastases. This method makes use of aphotosensitizing agent and an immunoadjuvant to aide in the efficacy and targeting of a laser treatment. Inconsideration of ways to bring those materials to the tumor site, we investigated the use of variousnanoparticles as targeted delivery agents. Due to the tendency of cancerous cells to overexpress low-densitylipoprotein receptors (LDLR) to fulfill their heightened need for cholesterol, as well as due to the previouslydocumented ability of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) to be reconstituted with other materials, these naturallyoccurring nanoparticles served as the base to be combined with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and form atherapeutic nanocompound dubbed rGO-LDL. (R)-9bMS, a small molecule inhibitor, is known tosignificantly hinder the proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer cells-a tumor model particularlyresistant to treatment. For this reason, (R)-9bMS was selected, and the photosensitizing agent, indocyaninegreen (ICG) was combined with it into a nanoparticle geared towards use in LIT.