The requirements for tunnel ventilations are rapidly evolving, in particular because of an increased sensitivity towards safety in case of fire. A refined analysis of tunnel ventilation, for normal exploitation as well as for fire situations, is called for. New simulation tools are emerging and rapidly growing to standard design tools: 1-dimensional transient simulation and 3-dimensional simulation (CFD). These trends are illustrated based on the studies carried out for the restoration and modernization the Mont Blanc Tunnel after the catastrophic fire of 24th March 1999.
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