Simulation of groundwater management in the Inner Mongolia Energy Base of Ordos Basin

摘要

The Ordos Basin in northwestern China is an arid and semi-arid region bordering five provinces (Shangxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, and Shanxi). The total area of the Ordos Basin is approximately 270400 km2, with a population of nearly 50 million. The region is rich in natural resources including coal, petroleum, and natural gas. It is one of China's major bases for energy and heavy chemical industries. However, the Ordos Basin has been in severe shortage of water resources, which has become a limiting factor for sustainable economic development in the region. Since 1999 the China Geological Survey (CGS) has initiated and continued to fund a major project to explore and evaluate the groundwater resources in the Ordos Basin. As part of the study, a three-dimensional groundwater flow model for the Ordos Basin has been developed.Groundwater simulation and optimization techniques have been used together to explore management options. The groundwater flow equation is introduced in the constraint set of an optimization model by incorporating the solutions of a discretized numerical simulation model, the response matrix approach are one of the most widely used methods for linking groundwater simulation and optimization, it replace the simulation model by unit response matrix functions, which represent the change produced in the state variables by a unit change in the decision variables.