EO GIS STANDARDS FOR ESTABLISHING A NATIONAL NATURAL RESOURCES REPOSITORY - THE INDIAN EXPERIENCES IN NNRMS

摘要

In India, the NNRMS has the responsibility of establishing, managing and implementing natural resources management, which is coordinated by the Planning Commission and Department of Space acts as the nodal agency. One of the major elements of NNRMS is to establish a National Natural Resources Repository (NRR) - wherein spatial datasets at various scales derived from aerial and satellite images, would be archived in a systematic database. This calls for standardization for the total process of spatial information generation upto its final delivery that enables uniformity and flexibility in mapping and GIS database organisation. Many standards already exist but it is valid at the project requirement level and will not serve for the national requirements. These standards needs to be enhanced and updated to incorporate variety of improvements and changes in image resolutions, mapping scales, spatial frameworks, datum and projection parameters, content definition and schematics, GIS designing and quality assessment methods, so that the uniformity in the standards adoption for national projects can be brought in. NNRMS Standard process has been defined for a 'common framework' and has standard parameters for images, thematic mapping, GIS database and services/outputs. Seamlessness (either real or virtual) has been kept as a critical element in the total standardization process allowing both geographical and multi-scale seamlessness definition. National spatial framework design guidelines have also been defined. According to this, the GIS database of the repository will be in geographic coordinates so that the final delivery can be in a variety of formats or frameworks (even user definable). However, images and thematic maps would comply to nationally-used frameworks.rnThe standards for various layers and its content have been identified for 7 scales, viz., 1:250,000 scale for a quick national perspective, 1:50,000 scale for core content of thematic information, 1:10,000 scale for urban planning requirements, 1:4,000 scale for cadastral and large scale urban information, 1:2,000 scale for urban zonal plan and 'spot areas' study and any other 'odd' scale specific to user-request. The NNRMS Standards is flexible enough to be able to incorporate any spatial data but confirming to a basic set of parameters. The present paper discusses the spatial framework, spatial data accuracy parameters for maps and GIS database, GIS designs parameters, content schema and codification scheme, quality standards, methods for spatial transformation. The paper also discusses how the standards can be implemented through a software/utility that controls the repository activities.