Demand led sanitation in Zimbabwe

摘要

WHILST MANY SANITATION projects have struggled to interest their beneficiaries in the positive advantages of latrines, Zimbabwe A.H.E.A.D. projects are battling to keep up with the demand for latrines from the communities. This paper explores a methodology that works to develop a "Culture of Cleanliness" through the establishment of Community Health Clubs. Rather than starting immediately with the implementation of a water and sanitation programme, health education is used as the first point of entry into the project area. By the end of six months of health promotion, the move to improve home hygiene comes naturally to Health Club Members, who readily contribute towards upgrading their own sanitation. In Matebeleland North Province of Zimbabwe, the technical problems of constructing latrines in collapsing Kalahari sands have made latrines expensive to construct and consequently sanitation coverage is often below 10%. To solve this problem, a technology has been devised that enables women to make interlocking bricks and line their own pits. Whilst the main cost is below ground, the superstructure is constructed cheaply with local materials, resulting in culturally appropriate and therefore sustainable structures. Zimbabwe A.H.E.A.D is promoting upgradeable sanitation which sees hygiene consciousness as the most important prerequisite for safe sanitation.