Application of a cone and plate(let) analyzer for pre-selection of artificial cardiovascular biomaterials

摘要

Introducing an artificial biomaterial (stent, needle, artificial heart assist, etc.) to the cardiovascular system results in immediate haemostasis: The degree is dependent on its interaction to blood, especially to the immediate adsorption of plasma proteins and extracellular matrix proteins (fibrinogen, vitronectin) on its surface. Fibrinogen enhances platelet (PLT) activation and aggregation. Activation is in-vivo strongly triggered by collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and thrombin, weaker by serotonin and epinephrine. Aggregation requires a change of the conformation of the integrin glycoprotein (GP) Ilb/IIIa on the PLT surface to become receptor for fibrinogen, afterwards being linking element between PLT and other blood cells. Too extensive PLT aggregation by biomaterials can lead to the formation of huge thrombi, finally being lethal.