West Village Case Study: Designers and Occupants

摘要

West Village is one of the largest zero net energy (ZNE) developments in the US. Thisrnpaper is about the performance of West Village, in particular the role of resident behavior. Itrnexplores the assumptions designers and the energy modeler made during design about residentrnbehavior. Comparisons of the energy modeler’s assumptions (e.g. default settings) to actualrnperformance by end use reveal a slight mismatch, mostly regarding HVAC. While West Villagernis close to achieving ZNE, it is not quite there as revealed from the energy modeler assumptions.rnAs a result, an engagement program is necessary to achieve and maintain ZNE at West Village.rnVarious resident engagement strategies have been designed and implemented at West Village.rnPreliminary results reveal thermostat reprogramming is generating a 16% reduction, a plug loadrnpledge is generating a 7% reduction, and letters to excessive users are also working. The resultsrnalso suggest interventions are persisting. The wide angle view of this paper, that is design,rnoperations, and resident behavior, provides feedback to the design and ZNE communities on thernrole of behavior, in particular HVAC behavior, on achieving the state’s zero net energy goals forrnmulti-family low-rise developments.