The Influence of Highway on the Roadside Landscape Pattern Change of Land Use

摘要

Based on the theory of landscape ecology, the method of integration of remote sensing and geographical information system technology, and the example of Beijing-Kaifeng Highway (Daxing section), the dynamic change characteristics of land use type along the highway was discussed. The following content was mainly analyzed: land use structure and landscape pattern change on the buffer zone of 1kilometers buffer distance. The results were as follows. Firstly, during the 12 years from 1995 to 2007, there was rather intense change of landscape types in the study area. The number of patches increased and the degree of fragmentation strengthened, which demonstrated that the road construction had brought convenient traffic, easier human activities, but also deeper degree of fragmentation in the study area. The advantageous land type has changed from farmland to construction land. Secondly, the area of construction land and farmland occupied most of the landscape types in the study area. From the calculation, the construction area decreased with the increase of the buffer distance along the Beijing-Kaifeng Highway. The change of construction area tended to be stable from the distance of 5kilometers. There was more decrease in farmland area when it was closer to the highway. When the buffer distance was between 0 and 5kilometers, the farmland area decreased more with the closer distance to highway. However, it was just the contrary when the distance was over 5kilometers. It showed that the influence range covered the 5kilometers area on the east west trend. Thirdly, landscape pattern calculation of land use in the buffer of study area demonstrated that evenness index (SIEI) , diversity index (SIDI), contagion index (CONTAG) and shape index (LSI) tended to be stable. That is to say, there was little influence of the highway construction and use on the ecological environment, landscape heterogeneity and diversity. The influence range of Beijing-Kaifeng highway was the area with-n4 to 5 kilometers distance to the east and west, analyzed from the change of patch index, fragmentation index and average area index.