American Water Works Association2006 Water Sources Conference Exposition

摘要

A life cycle cost analysis (LCC) and a life cycle assessment (LCA) of a recently constructed New YorkrnCity decentralized water reuse system that serves a USGBC LEED? Gold Certified, 27-story, 293-unitrnresidential high rise building was compared to a conventional building of similar size and configurationrnthat does not employ water reuse. The assessment provides a detailed view of the benefits and costs ofrndecentralized water reuse as a means of achieving sustainable urban development. The LCC indicatesrnthat the decentralized water reuse system is more expensive over a 25-year period, even though NewrnYork City has implemented an incentive plan that includes a 25% rate reduction for such systems. Thernhigher cost of installation and O&M associated with the higher level of treatment along with the lack ofrnpublic subsidies for the decentralized system are not offset by the 50% water reduction and 63%rnwastewater reduction being realized. To the contrary, the LCA indicates that the decentralized waterrnreuse system has a lower environmental impact than the conventional centralized approach.