Fundamental Understanding of Natural Organic Matter (NOM)Rejection by, and Fouling of, High Pressure Membranes

摘要

Natural organic matter (NOM) present in four Korean water sources asrnrepresentatives of Korean water supplies, and three U.S. water sources were characterizedrnby DOC, UVA254, SUVA, XAD 8/4 fractionation, SEC-DOC/UV, protein andrncarbohydrates contents, and fluorescence excitation and emission matrix (EEM), andrndissolved organic nitrogen (DON). Algal organic matter and effluent impacted watersrnexhibit a fingerprint of high content of colloidal organic matter and/or macromolecules. Itrnis noteworthy that the high content of colloidal organic matter and/or macromolecules arernassociated with an increase in the HPI fraction of DOC and high MW DOC.rnIn order to simulate an integrated membrane system (IMS), water sources werernprefiltered with a 0.22 μm filter. Prefiltered water showed less flux decline after 6 hoursrnof filtration than 0.45 μm prefiltered wate while the rejection rate reached up to 97%rnbased on DOC. However, FTIR analysis revealed a signature of polysaccharidesrndeposited on the membrane surface. This indicates that the foulant causing a significantrnflux decline is between 0.45～ 0.22 μm and these sizes reflect colloidal organic matterrnand/or macromolecules.