Advanced alumina refinery residue utilisation: Red mud conversion, material blending, and Industrial know-how and applications

摘要

The potential uses of alumina refinery residue have been contemplated since the 1960s. However, in addition to the majority of work being preliminary in nature, several fundamental drawbacks have been observed, including: a) the high pH and salt content of residues reduce efficiencies and limit reuse options; b) re-used refinery residue commonly does not meet TCLP standards; and c) the lack of organic matter in residues limits its value as a soil additive. These and other problems have been overcome by Basecon Technology, which converts caustic refinery residues into Bauxsol Raw Material, and by ViroFlow, ViroSoil, ViroMine and ViroSewage Technologies, which employ unique recipes for blending Bauxsol Raw Material with other additives in order to maximise reuse efficiencies. This paper discusses the basic procedures, industrial know-how and case studies which use technologies derived from refinery residues as applied to a wide variety of wastewater and solids treatments, soil amendments and fertilisers, and environmental remediation applications.