Procedure for NDT and Traditional Methods of Ancient Building Diagnosis,by Using Thermograph, Digital Images and other instruments data Analysis

摘要

The authors of this paper belong to an interdisciplinary research group, developed at the Polytechnic University of Valencia, financed by the Ministerio de Fomento, 2004, in order to evaluate the efficiency of different destructive techniques and non destructive methods applied to the analysis and diagnosis of ancient buildings. The results of this project and the experience gained applying its conclusions to the knowledge of ancient buildings inspired this paper, which is focused to determine a methodology to undertake this sort of surveys. Within the difficulties involving the data compilation about the historic buildings architectonic and structural development, and the necessary accurate results, there are other requirements to observe: to reduce time consuming in the task and to develop more simple and economic methods, applying reduced number of instrumental, avoiding a massive destructive testing of all building materials and construction elements at the Laboratory. The aim of building conservation is to be respectful with the material belonging to the historic building, including the surveying phase of the job.Using a few instrumental easily carried to the building site, considering the difficulties derived of the lack of accessibility that may exist in this sort of buildings, and taking into account not to produce damage to the object, maximizing results by minimizing the samples/testing/data taken from the building the data gathering phase is focused, looking for its complementarities, coincidences and correlations.The techniques applied are a) metric rectified digital images to obtain accurate and fast drawings of the building elevations; b) thermograph images analysis for the identification of different building materials, coatings and discontinuities in the masonry walls; and c) ultrasonic,micro drilling and wood hardener for timber structural elements assessment. This method was applied to several case studies, reaching accurate results. As a conclusion, a procedure was developed, that is presented in this paper.