Pulses Plus Battery Ssytem for High Energy High Power Applications

摘要

Over the past decade there has been an increased interest for high energy dnesity primary power sources which are capable of delivering high current pulses for applications such as: emergency call systems, portable defibrillators, GS tracking devices, oceanographic transponders etc. Several types of electrochemical systems are currently used for this type of applications. However, none of these are optimized for the applications requirements: The bobbin type Li/SOCl_2 cells have the highest energy density and lowest self discharge rate but cannot delvier the desired power. The jelly roll cells of this system do have the power capability to deliver the pulses but htey are not safe enough for these applications. Another disadvantage of the jelly roll cells in comparison to the bobbin type cells is shorter operating life. The Li/SO_2 system has the best current capability especially at low temperature however, the self-discharge rate of Li/SO_2 cell while discharged at low current is relatively high. In addition, the cell has pressurized SO_2 which reduces the safety of the cells and limits its use. The Li/MnO_2 and Li/CFx technologies have moderate energy density and power capability. However, at low temperature the power capability is relatively low. Consequently, these systems are very marginal for the mentioned applications either from energy or from power requirements viewpoints.