Variations of nighttime F2peak height(hmF2)over the American sector during the28-29October2003storm period were investigated using the National Center for Atmospheric Research Thermosphere-Ionosphere Electrodynamics Global Circulation Model. The model is generally able to reproduce the ionospheric variations on28-29October2003observed by the ionosondes. A series of controlled model simulations were subsequently undertaken to examine the effects of electric fields and neutral winds on the ionosphere.
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