Petrogenesis of early Silurian intrusions in the Sanchakou area of Eastern Tianshan, Northwest China, and tectonic implications: geochronological, geochemical, and Hf isotopic evidence

摘要

Palaeozoic intrusions in Eastern Tianshan are important for understanding the evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The Sanchakou intrusions situated in Eastern Tianshan (southern CAOB), are mainly quartz diorite and granodiorite. A comprehensive study of zircon U-Pb ages, zircon trace elements, whole-rock geochemistry, and Lu-Hf isotopes were carried out for the Sanchakou intrusive rocks. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yielded crystallization ages of 439.7 +/- 2.5Ma (MSWD=0.63, n=21) for the quartz diorite, and 430.9 +/- 2.5Ma (MSWD=0.21, n=21) and 425.5 +/- 2.7Ma (MSWD=0.04; n=20) for the granodiorites. These data, in combination with other Silurian ages reported for the intrusive suites from Eastern Tianshan, indicate an early Palaeozoic magmatic event in the orogen. In situ zircon Hf isotope data for the Sanchakou quartz diorite shows epsilon(Hf)(t) values of +11.2 to +19.6, and the two granodioritic samples exhibit similar epsilon(Hf)(t) values from +13.0 to +19.5. The Sanchakou plutons show metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, arc-type geochemical and low-K tholeiite affinities, and display trace element patterns characterized by enrichment in K, Ba, Sr, and Sm, and depletion in Nb, Ta, Pb, and Ti. The geochemical and isotopic signatures indicate that the Sanchakou dioritic and granodioritic magmas were sourced from a subducted oceanic slab, and subsequently underwent some interaction with peridotite in the mantle wedge. Combined with the regional geological history, we suggest the Sanchakou intrusions formed due to the northward subduction of the Palaeo-Tianshan Ocean beneath the Dananhu-Tousuquan arc during early Silurian time.