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地质通报

地质通报

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Geological Bulletin of China
本刊是国土资 源部主管、中国地质调查局主办的地质学综合性学术刊物。本刊遵循“百花齐放，百家争鸣”的方针，以推动地质调查与地质科技创新发展，为国民经济建设和社会公众服务为宗旨，力求全面展示和及时报道地质大调查全新领域——基础地质调查、矿产资源调查评价、灾害预警工程、技术发展工程、数字国土，以及相关地质科学研究领域的新进展、新成果、新发现、新方法。辟有“专题报告”、“基础地质”、“矿产资源”、“水文地质·环境地质”、“方法与应用”、“快报”、“学术讨论”、“特稿·专论”、“综述与进展”、“知识经纬”、“动态与信息”、“编读往来”等栏目，内容涉及基础地质、经济地质、海洋地质、能源地质、生态环境地质、灾害地质、城市地质、农业地质、勘查地球物理、勘查地球化学、地质调查信息、科技政策、科技管理等专业领域。本刊着力突出报道的时效性与动态性，更注重成果的原创性与前瞻性。刊物特色：报道简洁、精练、取材广泛、严谨，信息量大，刊期短。读者对象：从事地质调查、地质科学研究的科研、教学、生产人员，也包括对地质学及其连缘学科感兴趣的广大工程技术、科技管理人员。
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  • 发文量：4808
  • 被引量：6661
  • H指数：3
  • 开始收录时间：1984(3)
  • CNKI综合因子：1.111
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 1.38
  • 万方期刊影响因子：1.05
  • 创刊时间：1982
  • 国内刊号/CN：11-4648/P
    国际刊号/ISSN：1671-2552
  • 发行周期：月刊
    邮发代号：2-767
  • 主管单位：中华人民共和国国土资源部
    主办单位：中国地质调查局
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  • 地址：北京市西城区阜外大街45号
  • 邮编：100037
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地质通报 >2023年第10期

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  • 摘要：The age of the Heilongtan gold deposit in northern Hubei Province was determined by the Rb-Sr isochron method. Six samples of quartz-hosted fluid inclusions yielded a Rb-Sr isochron age of 132.6±2.7Ma, suggesting that the Heilongtan gold deposit was formed in the Late Cretaceous. The(87Sr/86Sr)i initial ratio of the isochron is 0.710798, which is lower than that of the terrige?nous silicates (0.720) but higher than that of the mantle (0.707), implying that ore-forming materials were derived from a mixture of crust and mantle components. Combined with the reported S and Pb isotopes, the authors hold that the ore-forming process of the Heilongtan gold deposit was probably related to the Late Mesozoic magmatism in an extensional setting. The magmatism might have provided sufficient heat energy, fluid, sulfur and gold for the mineralization of the Heilongtan gold deposit.%通过矿物流体包裹体Rb-Sr同位素测年,获得鄂北黑龙潭金矿石英Rb-Sr等时线年龄为132.6±2.7Ma,表明该金矿床形成于早白垩世中期.矿石石英中流体包裹体Sr同位素初始比(87Sr/86Sr)i平均值为0.710798,小于陆源硅酸盐的值(0.720),高于地幔Sr的初始值(0.707),暗示成矿物质来源于壳幔混合.结合各类岩矿石Au丰度变化,S、Pb、H、O等同位素组成,以及稀土和微量元素特征、成矿流体等研究,认为该矿床的形成可能与燕山期持续伸展阶段大规模构造-岩浆活动有关,燕山期中酸性岩浆活动为金矿成矿提供了主要矿源和热源.
  • 摘要：白音高老组火山岩位于大兴安岭中段科右前旗索伦地区,主要岩性为流纹岩和流纹质晶屑凝灰岩.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素分析表明,3组样品的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为127±2Ma、133±2Ma和123±1Ma,即白音高老组火山岩形成于133~123Ma,为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物.岩石学和岩石地球化学特征显示,白音高老组火山岩类似于高分异的I型花岗岩,有斜长石和少量角闪石部分熔融残留.锆石的176Hf/177Hf值介于0.282854~0.283026之间,εHf(t)为较高的正值,变化于+5.5~+11.5之间,Hf二阶段模式年龄(TDM2)为828~439Ma,表明兴安地块地壳的主体增生年代为新元古代—显生宙.通过对比东北地区(以邻区为主)同时代岩浆-构造活动,研究区内白音高老组火山岩形成于伸展构造环境,这种伸展构造环境的形成可能与古太平洋板块俯冲于欧亚大陆之下的弧后伸展环境有关.%The volcanic rocks in Baiyingaolao Formation are located in Suolun area of Horqin Right Wing Front Banner within central Da Hinggan Mountains. Lithologically, the Baiyingaolao Formation is composed mainly of rhyolites and rhyolitic tuffs. Three groups of zircon samples yielded U-Pb ages of 127±2Ma,133±2Ma and 123±1Ma respectively. The results of LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating indicate that the volcanic rocks in the Baiyingaolao Formation of the study area were formed during the Early Cretaceous period with ag?es of 133~123Ma. Petrological and geochemical characteristics of these volcanic rocks suggest that they are all highly fractionated rocks similar to I-type granite rocks, and their parental magmas were likely derived from the partial melting of lower crustal materials with pla?gioclase and a little hornblende as the residual phases. In addition, the volcanic rocks sampled in this paper, tectonically located in the Xing'an terrain, have high initial 176Hf/177Hf ratios (0.282854~0.283026) and positiveεHf(t) values (+5.5~+11.5). These data, combined with young Hf two-stage model ages of 828~439Ma, suggest that the crustal growth of the Xing'an terrain occurred during Neopro?terozoic and Phanerozoic periods. The above results, combined with previous studies of the contemporaneous magma-tectonic activi?ties in Northeast China, imply that the generation of the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks in the central Da Hinggan Mountains was relat?ed to the extensional environment caused by the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian continent.
  • 摘要：崆岭杂岩除太古宙结晶基底外,还出露一套以含石墨和富铝矿物为特征的孔兹岩系.相对于结晶基底,目前对于该套表壳岩系的同位素年代学研究有限.对该套孔兹岩系中代表性岩石类型榴线英岩开展了变质锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定.研究结果表明,榴线英岩变质年龄为1964±12Ma.结合前人在相近地层岩石组合中报道的锆石U-Pb年龄数据,推测崆岭杂岩孔兹岩系原岩可能沉积于2.1~2.0Ga.扬子陆核的古元古代变质-岩浆作用可能与全球广泛存在的同时期(2.1~1.8Ga)碰撞造山事件有关,暗示其很可能是Columbia超大陆的重要组成部分.%Apart from the Archean metamorphic crystal basement, a series of khondalite-bearing graphites and Al-rich minerals are exposed in the Kongling Complex. However, relative to the study of metamorphic crystal basement, geochronological studies of the supracrustal rocks are still very insufficient. In this study, the LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb study was carried out for the typical samples of garnet-sillimanite quartzite in the khondalite series. The result shows that the garnet-sillimanite-quartzite was metamorphosed at 1964±12Ma. Combined with the documented zircon U-Pb geochronologic data, the authors hold that the khondalite-series in the Kongling Complex was deposited at 2.1~2.0Ga. The Paleoproterozoic metamorphism and magmatism recognized in the interior of the Yangtze craton are consistent with the worldwide coeval collision-related orogenic event during 2.1~1.8Ga, indicating that this event may have been an important component in the Columbia supercontinent.
  • 摘要：华夏地块西段的云开地区出露少量早古生代基性侵入岩,多以小岩株状侵入前寒武纪变质地层或与同期片麻状花岗岩共生,岩石类型主要为辉长岩和苏长辉长岩.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示,信宜竹雅和高州石板辉长岩结晶年龄约为445Ma.辉长岩岩石地球化学以富MgO、CaO,相对贫TiO2为特征,具有极低的稀土元素总量(∑REE=20.8×10-6~26.6×10-6),轻稀土元素略微富集,亏损Nb、Zr、Ti、P等高场强元素.锆石εHf(t)均为弱的负值,Hf同位素一阶段模式年龄介于1.1~1.4Ga之间,显示富集地幔源区特征.构造环境分析表明,辉长岩与火山弧玄武岩相似.综合前人研究认为,华夏地块早古生代存在一系列具典型弧火山岩特征的基性岩类,这对早古生代构造运动的认识具有重要的限定作用.%Early Paleozoic mafic intrusive rocks in Yunkai terrane commonly occur as small stocks that intruded into pre-Cambrian strata and/or contemporary gneissic granite, with main rock types being gabbro and norite gabbro. The gabbros in Zhuya and Yunlu yielded 206Pb/238U weighted age of ca. 445Ma. The gabbros show relatively high MgO, CaO, low TiO2 content, very low ∑REE (20.8×10-6~26.6×10-6), weak enrichment of LREE and strong depletion of HFSE (Nb-Zr-Ti-P). Zircons give negative εHf(t) and TDM model ages from 1.1Ga to 1.4Ga, showing the features of an enriched mantle source. Tectonic setting analysis shows that the gab?bors acted like volcanic arc rocks. Previous studies show many Early Paleozoic mafic rocks in Cathaysia Block with characteristic fin?gerprints of arc volcanic rock features, and hence the Early Paleozoic geotectonic evolution history in Yunkai terrane (even Cathaysia Block) should be reconsidered.
  • 摘要：Maqigang beschtauite pluton is located in the southeast of the Bobai-Wuzhou fault, southeastern Guangxi. The zircon U-Pb geochronology, elemental geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic components as well as petrogenesis of Maqigang beschtauite were investigated in this paper. The LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb age is 90.2±1.5Ma(MSWD=1.7). The beschtauite is characterized by rich alkalis(ALK=7.38%~8.14%)and K(K2O=4.41%~4.78%). The rare earth elements exhibit the light REE enrichment type, with trace elements characterized by enrichment of LILE(e.g., Rb, Th, U, K, Pb, LREE)and depletion of HFSE elements(e.g., Nb, Ta, P, Ti, HREE). The geochemical characteristics of Maqigang beschtauite show shoshonitic features. The beschtauite has relatively high Mg# values(42.82~50.35)and zircon saturation temperatures(860~883℃)and low Sr values(268.00×10-6~304.00×10-6). The Nb/Ta ratios(11.24 on average), Zr/Hf ratios(38.20 on average)and Th/La ratios(0.17 on average)of the beschtauite are remarkably different from those of upper crustal rocks, indicating that the beschtauite originated from lower crustal or mantle source. In addition, the beschtauitic magma was less contaminated by the upper crust substance in the process of emplacement. The Sr-Nd isotopic com?positions show that they have the characteristics of the EMⅡsource. Nd isotopic two-phase model age(tDM2=1.33~1.36Ga)is similar to the Hf isotopic two-phase model principal age(tDM2=1.20~1.50Ga), inmplying that the beschtauite was derived dominantly from mafic rocks in the middle Proterozoic. The Maqigang beschtauite was formed in an intra-plate extensional environment. There was a huge stretching event throughout South China at 90Ma±. The dynamic mechanism of the event was connected with low angle sub?duction of the ancient Pacific plate.%马其岗石英二长斑岩体出露于桂东南博白-梧州断裂带南东侧,对其开展了锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学、Sr-Nd-Hf同位素及成因研究.结果表明,岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为90.2±1.5Ma(MSWD=1.7).岩体富碱(ALK=7.38%~8.14%)、富钾(K2O=4.41%~4.78%),稀土元素特征为轻稀土元素富集型,微量元素特征为富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th、U、K、Pb、LREE),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P、Ti、HREE),符合钾玄岩系列的岩石特点.岩体有较高的Mg#值(42.82~50.35),较低的Sr含量(268.00×10-6~304.00×10-6),以及较高的锆石饱和温度(860~883℃),同时Nb/Ta(平均值为11.24)、Zr/Hf(平均值为38.20),Th/La值(平均值为0.17)明显不同于大陆地壳特征,表明岩浆主要来自下部地壳或地幔,在上升侵位过程中受到地壳大规模混染程度较小,具有EMⅡ富集地幔端元的Sr-Nd同位素特征.二阶段Nd模式年龄(tDM2)变化于1.33~1.36Ga之间,二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)主体为1.20~1.50Ga,两者模式年龄较一致,显示马其岗岩体可能是中元古代中期镁铁质岩石部分熔融的产物.石英二长斑岩形成于板内伸展环境,整个华南在90Ma左右存在一次大规模的伸展事件,其动力学机制与古太平洋板块低角度俯冲有关.
  • 摘要：湘西地区铅锌矿床位于湘西-鄂西成矿带西南段,具有良好的成矿地质背景和控矿条件,有望成为中国最大的铅锌矿基地.S和Pb同位素组成分析结果表明,湘西地区矿床的δ34S值变化范围为6.30‰~34.66‰,平均值为19.64‰,明显富重硫,具有双塔式分布特征,矿石硫主要来源于容矿地层中的海相硫酸盐类和海水.8个矿床矿石矿物的206Pb/204Pb值范围为17.689~18.295,207Pb/204Pb值变化于15.535~18.848之间,208Pb/204Pb值介于37.294~38.630之间.区内铅锌矿床Pb同位素成分具有造山带和上地壳Pb同位素特征,成矿物质来源于造山带和上地壳的混合作用,铅成因类型为上地壳和地幔因岩浆作用而混合的俯冲铅.提出了湘西地区铅锌矿成矿作用的两阶段演化模式,认为区内铅锌成矿作用经历了成矿流体形成和成矿流体迁移富集2个演化阶段.%Located in the southwest of the western Hubei to western Hu'nan metallogentic belt, lead-zinc deposits in western Hu'nan are expected to become the largest lead-zinc deposit basement, with good ore-forming geological background and ore-bear?ing conditions. In this paper, S-Pb isotope compositions of sulfide minerals separated from orebodies in the ore deposits were deter?mined so as to discuss the sources of ore-forming materials. Studies of sulfur and lead isotopic compositions show that the sulfur isoto?pic compositionsδ34S in orebodies in western Hu'nan Province are in a wide range of 6.3‰~34.66‰, 19.64‰on average, with obvi?ous rich heavy sulfur and the characteristics of the distribution of the Twin Towers. Sulfur of the ore mainly came from the marine sul?fate in the ore-bearing formation and seawater. The 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb ratios for ore minerals from the eight depos?its are in the ranges of 17.689~18.295, 15.535~18.848 and 37.294~38.630 respectively. As for lead-zinc deposits in this area, lead isoto?pic composition has orogenic belt and upper crust Pb isotopic characteristics, sources of ore-forming materials were from the mixture of orogenic belt and upper crust, lead genetic types are the subduction lead resulting from mixture of upper crust and mantle magma?tism. The authors put forward the lead-zinc ore-forming model of two stages of evolution for deposits of western Hu'nan area. Lead-zinc mineralization in the area went through two phases of evolution which included enrichment of ore-forming fluid and migration of ore-forming fluid.
  • 摘要：湘东北七宝山铜多金属矿床位于钦杭成矿带西段,是湘东北规模最大的铜多金属矿床.对七宝山矿床含矿石英脉中的石英矿物进行Rb-Sr同位素年龄测定,获得的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为153.4±2.0Ma(MSWD=1.8),87Sr/86Sr初始值为0.71849±0.00026,与区内石英斑岩形成年龄(153~155Ma)相同,说明七宝山铜多金属矿床成因与石英斑岩体密不可分,成岩成矿年龄均在燕山期.为分析七宝山矿床成矿物质来源,对矿区内的黄铁矿进行了S、Pb同位素分析,矿石δ34S为3.24‰~4.84‰,平均值为4.198‰;岩体δ34S为2.22‰~3.86‰,平均值为2.805‰.δ34S值总体变化较小,岩体δ34S值较矿石小,更趋近于0值,说明岩体中硫极可能源于地幔;而矿床中硫来源于主体地幔硫和少量地壳硫混熔的混合硫源.Pb同位素变化范围也较小,矿石206Pb/204Pb值变化范围为18.315~18.396,平均值为18.359;207Pb/204Pb值变化范围为15.629~15.737,平均值为15.675;208Pb/204Pb值变化范围为38.376~38.856,平均值为38.609.矿化岩体数值与之相似,结果显示,七宝山铜多金属矿床的Pb同位素组成具有下地壳富钍(铅)贫铀(铅)的特点.据此提出,矿床的成矿物质主要来自与含矿斑岩体有联系的深部岩浆分异演化而析出的含矿气-液流体.含矿斑岩体定位-结晶时,通过对周围受热地下水的对流循环作用,可以从围岩中萃取少量成矿物质加入成矿作用.%The Qibaoshan Cu-polymetallic deposit, located in the west section of the Qinzhou-Hangzhou metallogenic belt ,is the largest Cu-polymetallic deposit in northeastern Hu'nan Province. However, the data of the deposit age are very insufficient. Based on quartz minerals Rb-Sr isotopic dating of the Qibaoshan deposit, the authors tried to obtain the age. The results show that the Rb-Sr isochron age is 153.4±2.0Ma(MSWD=1.8), initial 87Sr/86Sr=0.71849±0.00026, nearly identical with the quartz porphyry (153Ma to 155Ma) in the ore district in age, which suggests that the genesis of the Qibaoshan deposit was closely related to the quartz porphy?ry. The diagenesis and mineralization were both in the Yanshan period. The authors analyzed S, Pb isotope data of the pyrite to iden?tify the mineral sources of the Qibaoshan Cu-polymetallic deposit and obtained the following data: δ34S=3.24‰~ 4.84‰ for the ore, with an average of 4.198‰;δ34S=2.22‰~3.86‰for the rock, with an average of 2.805‰. Theδ34S values change overall in a small range, and theδ34S values of the rock change even in a smaller range, more close to the value of 0, which suggests that the sul?fur in the rock was most possibly derived from the mantle;and the sulfur in the ore came from the main mantle mixed with a small amount of crustal sulfur. The changes of lead isotopes are also in small ranges: 206Pb/204Pb change in the range of 18.315~18.396 for the ore, with an average of 18.359; 207Pb/204Pb change in the range of 15.629~15.737, with an average of 15.675; 208Pb/204Pb change in the range of 38.376~38.856, with an average of 38.609. The values for the rock change in a similar range. These data show that lead isotope composition of the Qibaoshan Cu-polymetallic deposit has a lower crust (thorium-rich and uranium-depleted) characteris?tics. A comprehensive analysis of the Sr-S-Pb isotopic system of the Qibaoshan deposit indicates that the ore-forming material was derived from the ore gas-liquid fluid, resulting from the deep magma evolution and differentiation in the same evolution process as the quartz porphyry. At the same time, the host rock might have extracted a small amount of minerals from the wall rock to take part in the mineralization process through the circulating convection effect of heating groundwater, resulting in quartz porphyry intrusion and crystallization.
  • 摘要：There are relatively complete Late Paleoproterozoic Pan-African tectonic-thermal events in Dali area,the isotopic ages of the biotite K-Ar and zircon U-Pb obtained from Haidong Wase granodiorite and granite are 799Ma and 667Ma,Cangshan Yunnongfeng biotite monzogranite yields the U-Pb age of 748Ma,and isotopic age of K-Ar obtained from Zhoucheng Bojite is 892.3Ma.Late Paleoproterozoic Wase granite and Yunnongfeng granite are in sedimentary contact with the Ordovician Dachengcun Formation.Dachengcun Formation siltstone produced brachiopods and gastropods fossils.There is an unconformable contact between the top and Middle Silurian Yinyangshan Formation,with the lack of Lower Silurian strata.Ordovician-Silurian strata of Xiangyang Village are developed well and contain abundant trilobites,graptolite fossils,with lots of standard molecules of Early Ordovician.The stratigraphic structure in Dali area is different from that of Lijiang area and hence cannot be compared,but it can be compared with things of southern Qinghai and eastern Tibet.The Paleoproterozoic Cangshan Group is equivalent to Ningduo Formation,and the Late Proterozoic Luopingshanyan Group is equivalent to Caoqu Formation,with the lack of the Sinian-Cambrian strata.The Lower Ordovician Xiangyang and Yingfengcun formations are equivalent to the Qingniudong Formation and Zengziding Formation.Therefore,the Dali plate structure should be assigned to the multi-island-arc-basin system on the western margin of the Yangtze of the Tibet-Sanjiang orogenic system.The boundary between the Tibet-Sanjiang orogenic system and the Yangtze-Southern China block should be transferred to the Honghe-Chenghai fault.%大理地区存在较完整的新元古代泛非期构造-热事件记录,海东挖色花岗闪长岩、花岗岩中获得黑云母K-Ar年龄799Ma、锆石U-Pb年龄667Ma,苍山云弄峰黑云母二长花岗岩中获得锆石U-Pb年龄748Ma,大沟箐角闪辉长岩中获得K-Ar年龄892.3Ma.新元古代挖色花岗岩和云弄峰花岗岩与奥陶系大成村组沉积接触.大成村组粉砂岩中产腕足类、腹足类化石,顶部与中志留统阴阳山组假整合接触,缺失下志留统.向阳村奥陶系—志留系发育较好,产丰富的三叶虫、笔石化石,其中不乏早奥陶世的标准分子.大理地区的地层构造与丽江地区差异较大,不能对比,但可以同青海南部及藏东对比.古中元界苍山群相当于宁多群,新元古界罗平山岩组相当于草曲群,缺失震旦系—寒武系.下奥陶统向阳组、迎凤村组相当于青泥洞组和曾子顶组.因此,大理地区板块构造划分应归属西藏-三江造山系中的扬子西缘多岛-弧-盆系.西藏-三江造山系与扬子-华南陆块区的界线应移至红河-程海断裂上.
  • 摘要：The Hutouya Pb-Zn polymetallic ore deposit is located in Qimantag,East Kunlun Mountains.Intermediate-acid intrusive rocks occur widely in this area,and are closely related to iron polymetallic mineralization.The 206Pb/238U weighted average age is 234.2± 1.5Ma,which was obtained by in-situ LA-ICP-MS zircon dating of biotite monzonitic granite that was closely related to mineralization and skam.The results of geochemical analysis show that the biotite monzonitic granite is characterized by high Al2O3,K2O and low TiO2,Na2O.The I-type granites are characterized by rich LREE,Rb,Th and some of HFSE,but poor Nb,Sr and Zr,and clear separation of LREE from HREE.In diagram of (Y+ Nb)-Rb,all samples fall into post-collision granite area,and in R1-R2 diagram,all samples fall into the superimpositon of post-collision granite area and collision granite area,indicating that the granites probably formed in a collision-post-collision structural phase.The Ⅵ belt of the Hutouya Pb-Zn polymetallic ore deposit experiended strong skarnization.The authors hold that the deposit has characteristics of skarn deposit,as shown by its ore fabric,gangue minerals,wall rock alteration,and it was formed at 234.2±1.5Ma (Middle-Late Triassic).%虎头崖铅锌多金属矿床位于东昆仑祁漫塔格地区,矿区内中酸性侵入岩体广泛发育,且与成矿关系密切.通过高精度LA-ICP-MS锆石微区原位U-Pb同位素测年,获得与矿化、矽卡岩化关系密切的黑云二长花岗岩锆石的206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为234.2±1.5Ma.地球化学分析表明,黑云二长花岗岩具有高Al2O3、K2O,低TiO2、Na2O的特征,稀土和微量元素显示其富集轻稀土元素、Rb、Th和部分高场强元素,Nb、Sr、Zr相对亏损,稀土元素表现为LREE/HREE明显分离的配分模式,总体表现为Ⅰ型花岗岩的特征.在(Y+Nb)-Rb图解中落入后碰撞花岗岩区,在R1-R2因子判别图上落入造山晚期和同碰撞花岗岩重叠区,显示其可能形成于碰撞-后碰撞构造阶段.虎头崖铅锌多金属矿区Ⅵ矿带具有强烈的矽卡岩化,结合矿石组构、脉石矿物、围岩蚀变等特征,认为其具有矽卡岩型矿床的特征,形成于234.2±1.5Ma(中—晚三叠世).
  • 摘要：The Late Triassic-Early Jurassic granitic assemblage in the eastern part of Qimantag area has high SiO2 content (72.18％～ 76.55％),high K2O content (4.08％～5.32％) and obvious negative Eu anomaly (average σ Eu value being 0.28).The granitic assemblage is composed of monzogranite and syenogranite,whose ages were precisely redefined by the LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb method,being 205.1 ±1.0Ma and 199.5±1.2Ma respectively.This granitic assemblage has close relationship with skarn-type polymetallic deposits in Lalinggaoli area.Therefore,the authors preliminarily hold that the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic granitic assemblage is probably an important ore-forming magmatic formation in the eastern part of Qimantag area.%祁漫塔格东段拉陵高里河地区晚三叠世—早侏罗世花岗岩组合为高SiO2(72.18％～76.55％)、高K2O(4.08％ ～ 5.32％)的碱性花岗岩组合,具有明显的负Eu异常(δ Eu平均值为0.28).岩石组合为二长花岗岩+正长花岗岩,采用LA-ICP-MS技术测得二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩的年龄分别为205.1±1.0Ma和199.5±1.2Ma.该套花岗岩组合与拉陵高里河地区的矽卡岩型多金属矿关系密切,初步确定祁漫塔格地区晚三叠世—早侏罗世花岗岩组合也是一期重要的成矿岩浆建造.
  • 摘要：在常压下研究了2种不同铁含量滑石的原位X射线衍射高温脱水反应.选取粒径2～5 μm的2种不同铁含量的滑石样品,在常压、空气氛围下进行了同步辐射原位X射线衍射脱水实验.实验结果表明,铁含量高的滑石脱水温度明显偏低,2个滑石样品在常压下发生明显脱水反应的温度相差达127℃以上.滑石在常压下的脱水动力机制为随机成核和生长机制,符合Avrami方程.将实验数据拟合Avrami方程得出:n=1.669.由实验结果可以推测,不同铁含量的滑石脱水深度可能有几十到上百千米的差别,研究铁含量与滑石脱水动力的相关性对于了解俯冲带浅-中源地震的成因机制具有重要意义.%The effect of iron content on the kinetics of talc dehydration was studied with talc of different iron values using in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD).The sample particle size is 2～5 μ m.The air atmosphere synchrotron radiation in situ XRD dehydration experiment was carried out under atmospheric pressure.High content of iron obviously resulted in lower dehydration temperature.The difference of the dehydration temperature of two samples was above 127 ℃.The dehydration of talc followed random nucleation and growth mechanism,and fitted Avrami equation,with n being 1.669.The results suggest that the dehydration of different iron values of talc may occur at the different depths around hundreds of kilometers,so the study was significant to the understanding of the genetic mechanism of earthquakes in the subduction zone.
  • 摘要：In August,2016,three dinosaur footprints were discovered from the bottom of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation at the edge of the Xichang basin in Meigu,Sichuan Province.The dinosaur footprints are similar to Grallator.These footprints are significant for the study of geological climate,paleogeography and stratigraphic correlation.Further research should pay attention to the detailed classification of the dinosaur footprints.%2016年8月,在位于西昌盆地边缘的四川美姑县中侏罗统沙溪庙组底部薄层粉砂岩之上,发现有恐龙足迹化石.恐龙足迹共3个,均与跷脚龙足迹相似.该发现对于古气候、古地理和地层对比都具有重要的意义,足迹详细分类有待进一步研究.
  • 摘要：北阿尔金是塔里木克拉通变质基底的主要出露区之一.对该区具有侵入接触关系的正长花岗岩和花岗片麻岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年研究.正长花岗岩中的锆石多呈椭圆状,具有振荡环带结构,部分颗粒中可见老锆石残核,Th/U值较高,亏损轻稀土元素,富集重稀土元素,具有负Eu异常和正Ce异常的特点,表明该组锆石为岩浆成因.定年结果获得1903±13Ma和2506±55Ma两组年龄加权平均值,前者代表岩体的结晶年龄,后者为捕获锆石年龄,结合区域年代学资料,认为正长花岗岩岩浆侵入过程中可能捕获了太古宇米兰群的古老基底锆石.花岗片麻岩中16个测点的锆石207pb/206Pb年龄集中于1802±28Ma,代表了岩体侵位时代,其余5个测点的锆石207Pb/206Pb年龄为1911～1951Ma,说明岩浆侵位过程中捕获了部分正长花岗岩的物质.区域地质与同位素年代学研究表明,北阿尔金地区广泛存在2.0～1.8Ga的构造-热事件.获得的花岗质岩石的1.9～1.8Ga的年龄结果,直接证实了北阿尔金存在约1.9Ga的岩浆作用,可能为古元古代Columbia超大陆汇聚事件在该地区的响应,为探讨塔里木板块前寒武纪构造-热事件演化历史提供了新资料.古元古代末期约1.8Ga的花岗片麻岩,代表了后造山伸展阶段的岩浆活动.%North Altun region is one of the main regions where the metamorphic basement of the Tarim craton is exposed.In this paper,LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating was conducted on zircon grains from syenogranite and granitic gneiss that have intrusive contact relationship with each other.Most zircons from the syenogranite are characterized by oval shape,typical oscillatory zoning,and residual cores in some grains.The higher Th/U ratios,depletion of LREE and enrichment of HREE,an obvious negative Eu anomaly,and positive Ce anomaly indicate that they are of magmatic origin.The dating results yielded two age groups of weighted mean ages of 1903 ± 13Ma and 2506±55Ma.The former age represents the crystallization age of the intrusions,and the latter one represents the age of inherited zircon.Combined with available regional chronologic data,the authors hold that ancient basement zircons of Archean Milan Group may have been involved in the process of granite magma intrusion.Most analyzed spots are clustered around 1802± 28Ma,which represent the crystallization age of the granitic gneiss.The other five analyzed spots yielded 207Pb/206Pb ages of 1911～1951Ma,implying that part of the granite material was captured in the process of magmatic emplacement.The existing regional geological and isotopic chronologic data suggest that northern Altun region may exist 2.0～1.8Ga tectonic thermal events.So the crystallization age of granitic rocks 1.9～1.8Ga direcdy confirms the existence of the magmatism at 1.9Ga,such a tectonic magmatic event is consistent with the global collisional orogeny events related to the evolution of Columbia supercontinent,and this can provide new evidence for the exploration of Precambrian tectonic thermal event and its evolution history along the Altun tectonic belt.The formation of granitic gneiss in Late Paleoproterozoic at 1802±28Ma may represent the post-orogenic stage in North Altun region.
  • 摘要：Based on size data of Bingfanggou lacustrine sedimentation section,which lies in Hetao basin piedmont,combined with chronologic test of 14C and OSL,the authors comparatively analyzed sediment particle size sensitivity and frequency curve characteristics,and made inversion of the lake water level change of Hetao Paleolake since 150ka.The result indicates that the lake water level change of Hetao Paleolake has gone through four stages:①Initial forming stage (150～130ka):Hetao Paleolake was in a shallow lake environment,sediment particle sizes were from coarse to fine,and the water level of the lake was in rising period;2Developing stage (130～54ka):the lake surface was higher in deep water environment early,sediment particle sizes gradually became thicker and the lake surface declined;③Contraction stage (54～18ka):the lake water level dropped rapidly,the fine-grained sediments decreased,and the coarse-grained sediments increased;④Demise stage (18ka-now):due to the influence of active faults in piedmont,the Yinshan Mountain uplifted rapidly,the lake atrophied swiftly,the top of the lacustrine strata was covered by diluvial and alluvial materials between the mountains.The main factors controlling the water level change of the paleolake seem to have been the tectonic movement and abrupt change of climate environment.%基于内蒙古河套盆地山前兵房沟湖相层剖面沉积物的粒度记录,结合14C和光释光年代学测试,对比分析沉积物粒度敏感粒级及频率曲线特征,反演了河套古大湖150ka以来的湖泊水位变化.研究结果表明,河套古大湖水位变化经历了4个阶段:①初始形成阶段(150～130ka),河套古大湖处于浅湖环境,沉积物粒度由粗变细,湖泊处于水位上升期;②发展阶段(130～54ka),早期湖水面较高,处于深水环境,晚期沉积物粒度逐渐变粗,湖泊水位有所下降;③萎缩阶段(54～18ka),湖泊水位快速下降,细粒沉积物含量减少,中粗粒沉积物含量增大,湖泊水位迅速下降;④消亡阶段(18ka至今),由于山前活动断裂影响,阴山快速隆升,湖泊急剧萎缩,湖相层顶部被山间冲洪积物覆盖.控制河套古大湖湖泊水位变化的主要因素是构造运动和气候环境突变.
  • 摘要：结合CO2地质利用与封存技术机理,在国际权威潜力评估公式的基础上,系统地提出了适合中国地质背景的次盆地尺度CO2封存潜力评估方法及关键参数取值.同时,以四川盆地为例,依次开展了枯竭油田地质封存与CO2强化石油开采、枯竭气田与CO2强化采气、不可采煤层地质封存与CO2驱替煤层气,以及咸水层地质封存技术的CO2地质封存潜力.结果表明,四川盆地利用深部咸水层与枯竭天然气田CO2地质封存潜力最大,期望值分别达154.20× 108t和53.73×108t.其中,枯竭天然气田因成藏条件好、勘探程度高、基础建设完善,为四川盆地及其周边利用枯竭气田CO2地质封存技术实现低碳减排提供了早期示范机会.CO2地质利用与封存潜力评估方法,对进一步开展全国次盆地尺度理论封存潜力评估与工程规划具有重要意义.%Based on the mechanism of CO2 geological utilization and storage technologies and the international authoritative evaluation formulae,the methodology of theoretical potential assessment at the sub-basin scale is proposed in this paper,and the solutions of key parameters are provided.Meanwhile,with the Sichuan Basin as a case study,the theoretical potential of depleted oil CO2 storage and CO2-EOR,depleted gas CO2 storage and CO2-EGR,unmineable coal bed seams CO2 storage and CO2-ECBM,and deep saline aquifer CO2 storage are evaluated respectively.The results show that the total CO2 storage potential of deep saline aquifers and depleted gas fields CO2 storage could reach 154.20 × 108t and 53.73 × 108t on the average.Because of good traps,high degree of exploration and good infrastructures,depleted gas fields provide a great chance for carrying out demonstration or industrial CO2 geological storage projects first for the CO2 resources located in the Sichuan Basin.The methodology of potential assessment of CO2 geological utilization and storage technologies has great exploring significance for sub-basin scale national potential evaluation and project planning in China.
  • 摘要：滇中含中体罗世海相化石地层之上连续沉积的麻地山组、安宁组和妥店组,时代应为晚侏罗世,产川街叶肢介、似东方叶肢介、云南雕饰叶肢介等化石,具有美丽的“滨生长线瘤”构造,形成特提斯区特有的叶肢介动物群.在冀北宣化堰家沟后城组首次发现特提斯区极为发育的川街叶肢介化石,进一步证明后城组完全可以与滇中地区上侏罗统麻地山组-安宁组-妥店组对比,后城组的时代应为晚侏罗世,可能更近于晚侏罗世早—中期.川街叶肢介化石在后城组的发现,为环太平洋带的纯陆相后城组与特提斯区由海相化石推定的上侏罗统对比提供了古生物化石的有力佐证,具有重要的地层对比意义.%The conchostracan fossils,such as Chuanjieestheria Niu,Eosestheriopsis Shen et Chen,and Yunnanograpta Niu were oringinally collected from Upper Jurassic Madishan Formation,Anning Formation and Tuodian Formation in central Yunnan Province.After that,these fossils were found from Upper Jurassic Shuining Formation and Penglaizhen Formation in Sichuan Basin.In 1980,genus Chuanjieestheria Niu was found in Yanjiagou Village,Xuanhua City,Hebei Province by the authors.The discovery of this genus is of important significance in the stratigraphic division and correlation.
  • 摘要：保山西邑铅锌矿区香山组一段灰岩牙形石丰富,包括5属7种1个相似种及2个未定种,分别为:Ancyrodella curvata,A.nodosa,A.spp.,Ancyrognathus triangularis,Icriodus alternatus alternatus,I.sp.,Palmatolepis hassi,Pa.simpla,Polygnathus webbi,Po.cf.tenellus和Po.sp..该牙形石组合面貌可与上泥盆统Late Palmatolepis rhenana带对比,表明研究区内香山组一段的时代为晚泥盆世弗拉斯期晚期,并非早石炭世.%The first Member of Xiangshan Formation in the Xiyi Pb-Zn mining area of Baoshan is rich in conodont,and 5 genera,7 species,1 conformis species and 2 undetermined species were identified.They are:Ancyrodella curvata,A.nodosa,A.spp.,Ancyrognathus triangularis,Icriodus alternatus alternatus,I.sp.,Palmatolepis hassi,Pa.simpla,Polygnathus webbi,Po.cf.tenellus,and Po.sp..The conodonts assemblage is considered to be correlated with Late Palmatolepis rhenana zone,suggesting that the first Member of Xiangshan Formation is Late Frasnian of Late Devonian instead of Early Carboniferous in age.
  • 摘要：This paper reports the discovery of the Duquangou manganese deposit.This kind of manganese deposit was found for the first time in the Tibetan Plateau.Its tectonic position is the middle-western segment of the Longmu Co-Shuanghu-Lancang River suture zone.Ore-forming elements analysis shows that the average grade of manganese in the minerals is 41.95％,which achieves the grade standard of Grade Ⅰ rich manganese ore.The manganese deposit occurs within the Upper Permian-Lower Triassic Tianquanshan Formation in layered and layer-like forms.Orebody surface part is residual manganese deposit whose width is 20～30m and whose length is 50m.The manganese ores are divided into layered manganese ore and vein manganese ore according to the difference of occurrence,morphology and structure of the manganese.The ore mineral composition is psilomelane,and quartz is the main gangue mineral.It is considered that the manganese ore deposit is a marine hydrothermal sedimentary manganese deposit.As a rich deposit found for the first time in the Tibentan Plateau,the discovery of the Duquangou manganese ore not only fills in the blank of the manganese deposit in Tibet but also provides clues and basis,so it has an indicative significance in regional manganese prospecting.%独泉沟锰矿是青藏高原发现的首例富锰矿,成矿元素分析结果表明,矿石中Mn平均品位为41.95％,达到了I级富锰矿石的品位标准.该锰矿体主要呈层状、似层状产出于上二叠统—下三叠统天泉山组复理石碎屑岩内;矿体地表部分为残坡积,残坡积范围宽20～30m,长约50m.根据产状及结构构造的差异,将研究区锰矿体分为层状锰矿体和脉状锰矿体,二者的矿石矿物皆是硬锰矿,脉石矿物以石英为主.初步研究认为,独泉沟锰矿是海相热水沉积型锰矿.作为青藏高原地区发现的首例富锰矿,独泉沟锰矿的发现填补了区内锰矿找矿工作的空白,对其成因的研究能为今后的找矿工作提供重要的线索和依据,在区域找矿方面具有一定的指示意义.
  • 摘要：Sedimentary microfacies research has great significance in reconstructing the palaeoenvironment and predicting the beneficial facies belt.Combining outcrop,core,logging and seismic data together,it is considered that the northwest Junggar Basin developed the combination of alluvial fan-fan delta,fluid-delta and lacustrine systems in Triassic period.The alluvial fan-fan delta system developed the braided stream channel and the sand (glutenite) floodplain microfacies and some other geological bodies,the fluid-delta system,containing sand and glutenite braided rivers,consisted of such geological bodies as the channel,the bar,the floodplain and the flood lucastrine microfacies,and the lacustrine system mainly developed the shore-shallow lacustrine mud microfacies.Furthermore,according to the analysis of pollen and δ13C,δ18O,it is suggested that the Upper Karamay belongs to the Middle Triassic period.Northwest Junggar Basin was in continental crust environment,and its climate gradually changed from the dry hot subtropical zone into wet warm temperate zone which was suitable for plants growth from Early to Late Triassic.%准噶尔盆地西北缘三叠系沉积体系划分与沉积环境演化是新疆地区值得探讨的2个问题,其中沉积微相的研究对恢复古环境及油气有利相带的预测有着重要的意义.综合运用露头、岩心、测井、地震资料,认为准噶尔盆地西北缘三叠系为冲积扇-扇三角洲,河流-三角洲和湖泊三类体系的组合,冲积扇-扇三角洲体系主要发育辫状河道、砂(砾)质漫滩等微相,河流-三角洲体系包含砂质和砂砾质辫状河,该体系进一步划分为分流河道、心滩、河漫滩、河漫湖、河漫沼泽等微相,湖泊体系以滨浅湖泥为主.此外,孢粉及C、O同位素分析显示,克拉玛依组上段所属时代为中三叠世,且盆地西北缘在三叠纪处于陆相环境.早—晚三叠世,盆地由干旱炎热的亚热带气候逐渐转为潮湿温暖适宜植被生长的温带气候.
  • 摘要：The Daxiao Pb-Zn deposit is located on the secondary level uplift along the middle east part of the Kang-Dian axis,in Dongchuan,Yunnan Province.Its orebodies show veined and stratoid forms,and occur in interstratified crack and plume-like fracture of Wangchang Formation in Kunyang Group which lies in the south of Baihechang anticline.The ore minerals are composed of galena,native silver and a small quantity of sphalerite and pyrite,and the gangue minerals include quartz and calcite.Their textures mainly consist of euhedral-subhedral-anhedral granular texture,metasomatic relict texture and crystalloblastic texture,while main structures are disseminated structure,massive structure,banded structure and vein structure.Mineralization of this deposit could be divided into hydrothermal metallogenesis and supergenetic oxidation period,the former was made of three mineralization stages and the most important stage for Pb-Zn was the second stage,its metallogenic temperature ranged from 140 ℃ to 220 ℃,while metallogenic epoch was late Indosinian.Industrial ore was formed by the driving force of Indosinian movement that prompted activation-mixing-migration-accumulation of ore-forming elements to form the deposit.The genetic type of the ore deposit belongs to sedimentary reformation hydrothermal ore deposit.%云南东川大笑铅锌矿床地处康滇地轴中段东沿的次一级隆起上,矿体赋存于白河厂背斜轴部南翼昆阳群望厂组的层间裂隙及羽状裂隙中,呈脉状、似层状产出.矿石矿物主要为方铅矿、银和少量闪锌矿、黄铁矿,脉石矿物主要为石英、方解石.矿石结构以自形-半自形-他形粒状结构、交代残余结构、变晶结构为主.矿石构造以浸染状、块状、条带状、脉状构造为主.成矿作用划分为热液成矿期与表生氧化期,其中热液成矿期划分为3个成矿阶段,第二成矿阶段为铅锌的主要成矿阶段,成矿温度为140～220℃,成矿时代为印支晚期.工业矿体的形成是在印支运动强大的作用力驱动下,成矿元素活化-混合-迁移-聚集成矿,矿床成因类型为沉积-改造热液矿床.
  • 摘要：This paper reposts a thalattosaur specimen collected from the Late Triassic Xiaowa Formation in Xiaoxingan Village,Luxi County,Yunnan Province.It is the first record of Thalattosauria fossil outside Guanling,Guizhou Province.The specimen consists of 9 well preserved dorsal vertebrae,21 dorsal ribs,and several gastralia.4 dorsal vertebrae are present and arranged as a sequence of natural order.The length of dorsal vertebrae is about 12cm.The transverse process is well developed.The two ends of the dorsal vertebrae are slightly biconcave,distinctly different from ichthyosauria vertebrae with obvious biconcave.The specimen is tentatively assigned to the Thalattosauria.The new discovery provides new information for paleobiographic distribution of the Thalattosauria and the search for new fossil localities of the Guangling biota.%采自云南泸西县城附近小兴安村晚三叠世卡尼期小凹组的海龙化石,是关岭生物群海龙类化石在贵州关岭之外地区的首次发现.该化石标本共保存有9枚较好的背椎骨,21条完好的肋骨及若干腹肋.靠近头部的4枚背椎骨为有次序的自然排列.背椎椎体长约12cm,椎体横突发育,椎体腹侧轻微凹入,呈双凹形,近似圆形.这一特征与鱼龙类脊椎骨明显的双凹特征有所区别,故暂且将其归于海龙类.新采集的该化石标本为探讨海龙类的古地理分布,以及寻找规律生物群新化石产地提供了信息.
  • 摘要：The Duolong ore concentration area is the most favorable potential prospecting area in the Bangong Co-Nujiang metallogenic belt.Four porphyry Cu-Au deposits have been discovered in the Duolong area,but their metallogenic setting is still in controversy.The Samalong diorite is located in the central part of the Duolong area.Combined with the tectono-magmatic activation,the authors studied geochronology and bulk geochemistry of the Samalong diorite so as to constrain the metallogenic setting of the porphyry deposits.25 zircon samples selected form the Samalong diorite intrusion were analyzed by LA-ICP-MS,which yielded a weighted 206Pb/238U age of 121.6±1.7Ma (MSWD=1.9,n=23),which represents its intrusive age.According to the bulk petrochemical results,the Samalong diorite intrusion belongs to the middle potassium and sodium-rich magmatic series.The Samalong diorite is also enriched in light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements and depleted in heavy rare earth elements and high field-strength elements,with high Sr and low Y concentrations,suggesting adakite-like affinity.The high initial 87Sr/86Sr values (0.7056～ 0.7073) and low initial 143Nd/144Nd (0.5124～0.5125) and ε Nd(t) (-1.3～0.7) suggest that the Samlong diorite was generated from the lower crust,and its relative high MgO content and incompatible elements (Cr,Ni,etc.) concentrations indicate that there might have been some melt derived from the peridotitic mantle wedge mixed in the source region.The Samalong diorite was cut by the former strike-slip faults,which probably suggests that these later strike-slip faults controlled the formation of the porphyry deposits within 116～121Ma,and the porphyry deposits in the Duolong ore concentration area were formed within the structural transferring period at the last stage of the northward subduction ofBangong Co-Nujiang Neo-Tethys Ocean.%西藏多龙矿集区是目前班公湖-怒江成矿带内最具潜力的找矿远景区,矿集区内已发现4处大型斑岩铜矿,但其成矿背景尚有争议.通过开展成矿前的萨玛隆闪长岩锆石U-Pb测年、岩石化学分析,结合区域内构造发育序次,对系列斑岩铜矿的成矿背景进行探讨.对萨玛隆闪长岩中进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得23颗锆石的206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为121.6±1.7Ma(MSWD=1.9),代表了闪长岩的成岩年龄.萨玛隆闪长岩的全岩岩石化学分析结果显示,该岩石属于中钾富钠岩石,富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素,具有高Sr、低Y特征,相对富集Cr、Ni等不相容元素,有埃达克岩的亲和性.闪长岩具相对较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值和较低的(143Nd/144Nd)i值、εNd(t).全岩岩石化学特征显示,萨玛隆闪长岩起源于下地壳角闪岩相,可能有幔源物质混入.矿区内早期走滑断层切穿萨玛隆闪长岩,指示多龙矿集区内主要控岩-控矿走滑断层可能形成于116～121Ma,多龙矿集区内系列斑岩铜矿形成于班公湖-怒江洋向北俯冲末期的构造转换阶段.
  • 摘要：The change of detrital composition is a typical manifestation of the evolutionary process of sedimentary sources.As an important part of the Qaidam Basin,the sedimentary strata in Lulehe have recorded tectonic uplift evolution of northern Tibetan since the Indo-Asian collision.All signatures,along with high feldspar content,provenance and contrast with adjacent mountain rocks,reveal that the source region for Lulehe mainly came from Qilian and Saibei thrust.And there existed a coupling relationship between the change ofclastic composition content and surrounding orogen.Three significant depositing transformation events occurred in Lulehe area,corresponding to the Indo-Asian collision and plateau tectonic uplift from Cenozoic in 53.5～2.9Ma.The rapid uplift of southern Qilian,which happened at ca.50.1～46.6Ma,responded to the propagation of initial continental collision.The uplift of Tibetan Plateau with crustal vertical growth and thrust structure caused top erosion of Saibei thrust and provenance transformation event in Lulehe in Eocene (44.5Ma).Both of Saishiteng and Qilian Mountain supplied sediments at the end of Oligocene (22.6Ma) when different regions in plateau were raised synchronously.The findings will provide new crucial sedimentary data for deep understanding of evolutionary history of whole Tibetan Plateau and distant effect of the continental collision.%碎屑组分变化是反映盆地物源演化历程的重要物质表现.路乐河地区作为柴达木盆地的重要组成部分,沉积地层记载着印度-欧亚板块碰撞以来青藏高原北缘造山带的构造隆升过程.高长石组分含量、物源方向及毗邻山脉岩性对比揭示,路乐河物源主要受南祁连和赛什腾山控制,其碎屑组分变化对毗邻造山带构造活动具有很好的耦合性.新生代53.5～2.9Ma期间,路乐河地区存在3次物源转换事件,发生时间依次同印度-欧亚板块碰撞及高原内部构造隆升事件相吻合.其中早期50.1～46.6Ma,南祁连山的快速抬升是对大陆初始碰撞的远程响应;44.5Ma,高原以垂向增生和推覆构造发育为特点,赛北断裂高速剥露,致使路乐河地区物源发生转变;渐新世末期(22.6Ma),青藏高原准同时整体隆升,赛什腾山和南祁连山协同为路乐河地区供给沉积物.所获认识为深入了解高原隆升演化和板块碰撞远程效应提供新的沉积依据.
  • 摘要：The Cihai iron deposit,located in the western Beishan tectonic-metallogenic belt,is mainly composed of Cihai ore block,in which the orebodies hosted by diabases in direct contact show stratiform and lentoid forms,whereas other orebodies in Cihai ore block are hosted by garnet-diopside-skarns.Based on the study of field geochemical characteristics and ore microscopy,the authors hold that the formation processes of the Cihai iron deposit involved two periods:①ore-magma period characterized by magnetite+clinopyroxene +hornblende formed almost simultaneously,and ②skarn period which contained garnet+ diopside +magnetite formed earlier and tremolite/actinolite+quartz+pyrrhotine+chalcopyrite+pyrite formed at late stage.The geochemical and Fe-S-O isotopic data of main minerals in two periods show that the metallogenic iron was mainly derived from the upper mantle,and the ore-forming fluid in skarn period inherited that of the ore-magma period.In combination with previous studies,it is suggested that the iron mineralization of the Cihai iron deposit occurred in a setting of Permian mantle plum in Tarim.Targeted on iron ores in diabases and based on geological,geochemical and isotopic data and previous researches,the authors hold that the formation process of the Cihai deposit could be divided into immiscibility and injection of iron-rich silicate liquids(primary process) and hydrothermal metasomatic process.The iron mineralization occurred in a setting of Permian mantle plum in Tarim Basin and the metallogenic magma was a branch ofmantle plume.%新疆磁海铁矿位于北山构造-成矿带西端,以磁海矿段为主要组成部分,铁矿体主要为透镜状、似层状,围岩以辉绿岩为主,二者接触线截然且平直;另外一种矿体产在基性岩体与地层接触带的石榴子石透辉石矽卡岩岩体内,整个矽卡岩岩体即为铁矿体.通过野外矿床特征与矿相学研究,成矿过程可分为:①矿浆期,以磁铁矿+单斜辉石+普通角闪石的近同时产出为特征;②矽卡岩期,先期以石榴子石+透辉石+磁铁矿为特征,后期以透闪石/阳起石+石英+磁黄铁矿+黄铜矿+黄铁矿的组合为特征.通过对矿浆期及矽卡岩期典型矿物的地球化学及Fe、S、O同位素结果分析,认为矿浆期铁质具有幔源特征,矽卡岩期成矿流体对矿浆期具有继承性.通过与前人研究结果对比分析,认为磁海成矿可能形成于塔里木地区二叠纪地幔柱背景,含矿母岩浆可能为地幔柱的分支.
  • 摘要：稿件编写的一般项目和顺序:中文文题/作者中文和汉语拼音姓名/作者单位中英文全称(含城镇名和邮编)/中文摘要和关键词/作者汉语拼音姓名和英文文题/英文摘要和关键词/正文(包括引言、论证材料、结果讨论、结论、致谢)/参考文献表。稿件由电脑隔行录排,用A4纸单面打印(本刊页面版心为23.5cm×17cm,42行×44字=1848字,按10号宋体字计)。
  • 摘要：The ductile decollement shear zones are in Zhongba microterrane which lies between southern subbelt and northern subbelt in the western part of the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone.The determination of the activity time about the high strain tectonic belt can not only provide constraints for its formation evolution but also provide the important corroborative evidence for the India-Eurasia collision.The samples of muscovite and biotite mylonitic rock were collected from the different parts of deformation in the shear zone to analyze the chronology with the mica 40Ar-39Ar dating.The tested ages including 53.39±0.57Ma,39.45±0.42Ma and 29.41± 0.32Ma in three groups indicate that the shear zone has multi-period tectonic activities.Group one which represents the initial stage of the India-Eurasia collision is the age limit of the shear zone (minimum age).Thus the initial time of plate collision should be the end of the Late Cretaceous to the Early Eocene before 53.39±0.57Ma because the shear zone was the product of the initial collision.Group two which is the cooling age of muscovite that formed under the SN-trending shearing compressive stress represents the period of main collisions.Group three which is the biotite age that formed after the reslip of the shear zone slip at low temperature uplifting stage represents the period of post-collision.%仲巴微地体夹持于雅江缝合带西段分支的南、北亚带之间,地体内发育韧性滑脱型剪切带.对该类高应变构造带活动时间进行厘定,不仅可以为其形成演化提供制约,而且也可为印度-欧亚板块碰撞过程提供重要的年代学佐证信息.在该剪切带不同变形部位采集了含白云母、黑云母糜棱质岩样品,进行云母类单矿物40Ar-39Ar测年.获取年龄数据3组:53.39±0.57Ma、39.45±0.42Ma、29.41±0.32Ma,表明该剪切带具有多期次构造活动叠加特征.其中第1组年龄代表在印度-欧亚板块初始碰撞阶段,剪切带形成的时代下限(最小年龄),因该剪切带是两大板块初始碰撞的产物,所以可佐证板块起始碰撞时间为53.39±0.57Ma之前的晚白垩世末—始新世初期;第2组年龄代表在板块主碰撞阶段,发生继承性的近南北向挤压剪切作用后白云母的冷却年龄;第3组年龄代表了后碰撞阶段,剪切带的再次滑动后低温隆升时期的黑云母年龄.
  • 摘要：As a result of oblique subduction of the Bayan Har-Songpan-Garze terrane toward the East Kunlun terrane in Mesozoic,a major ductile shear zone formed along the southern margin of the East Kunlun terrane.Ductile deformation phenomena observed in the ductile shear zones,such as porphyroclasts,porphyroclastic structure,cleavage-step,mica fish,S-C fabric,asymmetrical folds and echelon veins,implying both dextral and sinistral shear characteristics.The dextral shear is earlier than the sinistral shear.However,the sinistral shear is the dominant feature in these ductile shear zones.LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of zircons from the mylonitization granite in Xidatan and the undeformed granite in Xiaonanchuan yielded ages of 199.3±2.2Ma and 196.4± 1.3Ma,respectively.Zircons dated here are typically formed via magma crystallization,which means that their ages could represent the emplacement time of the two plutons.The deformation degree of the two pluton,which is completely different from each other,indicates that the southern margin of the East Kunlun left-lateral ductile shear zone should have formed in 199～196Ma.%中生代巴彦喀拉-松潘甘孜地体向东昆仑地体斜向俯冲,在东昆仑南缘形成一条巨型的韧性剪切带.剪切带中发育的旋转碎斑、书斜构造、解理阶步、云母鱼、S-C组构、不对称褶皱、雁列脉等宏微观构造,显示剪切带兼具右行和左行的特征,且右行早于左行剪切,但总体以左行剪切为主.对西大滩糜棱岩化花岗岩和小南川未变形花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,西大滩岩体侵位于199.3±2.2Ma,小南川岩体形成于196.4±1.3Ma.西大滩与小南川岩体中的锆石为典型的岩浆锆石,其年龄代表了岩体侵位的时代.鉴于2个岩体的变形程度完全不同,东昆仑南缘在199～196Ma之间发生了左行韧性剪切.
  • 摘要：Seismic data obtained from the central Tarim Basin show that lots of diabase dykes are developed in Cambrian,Ordovician and Permian strata.Diabase dykes that invaded into Silurian and Ordovician strata were collected near the fault zone (Zhong 1 well,Zhong 16 well core).Using LA-ICP-MS determination technology,the authors determined U-Pb age and trace elements in zircon.Zircon U-Pb age shows that the diabase dykes were formed in the Early Permian period of 273～296Ma.Measured 700～930Ma (Late Proterozoic) and 396～544Ma (Paleozoic) show the tectonic-magmatic activity when basin was formed.121.0±8.5Ma (Early Cretaceous) zircon indicates that the formation was related to hydrothermal activities in the same period.%塔里木盆地塔中地区地震资料显示,寒武系、奥陶系、二叠系中发育大量辉绿岩岩脉,在塔中隆起断裂带附近采集了侵入到志留系与奥陶系中的辉绿岩脉样品(中1井、中16井岩心).用LA-ICP-MS测定技术,测定了其中锆石的U-Pb年龄和微量元素.锆石U-Pb年龄显示,这些辉绿岩岩脉形成于早二叠世(273～296Ma);测得的700～930Ma(新元古代)、396～544Ma(古生代)年龄显示,盆地早期有构造岩浆活动;121.0±8.5Ma(早白垩世)锆石存在,显示其形成与盆地内部同期热液活动有关.
  • 摘要：豫西地区刘家沟组中下部发育多层砾岩,其中扁平砾石与球形砾石共生,扁平砾多顺层排列,球形砾常具圈层结构.因该砾岩层发育普遍,特征明显,成为刘家沟组的区域划分对比标志之一.但迄今为止,其成因众说纷纭、未有定论.通过砾岩发育层段的野外观察,结合刘家沟组的沉积环境分析,认为宜阳地区刘家沟组砾岩层的砾石不是单纯的物理成因,其形成可能与微生物繁盛的席底底质有关.微生物席的存在使沉积物表面具有一定的粘性和韧性,在动荡水流的作用下,部分破坏作用形成的微生物席碎片卷曲、滚动,形成具有圈层结构的“砂球”,在湖泊重力流作用下,扁平的微生物席碎片与“砂球”被搬运至较深水区域,形成特征明显的扁平砾石砾岩层.%There are several layers of conglomerates in the Lower Triassic Liujiagou Formation in western He'nan Province.The conglomerates consist of flat sand or mud gravels and round sand gravels,with some of the sand gravels having ring structures just like ooids in limestone.This obvious characteristic has become one of the important marker beds in dividing and correlating strata in the study area,though its cause remains a mystery and should be further ascertained.Based on the study oflithofacies of outcrops and lab experiments,the authors hold that the rings in gravels are microbially mediated structures,and the formation of conglomerates was probably associated with mats substrate after the Mass Extinction.Mat living caused the surface of sediments to have some viscosity and toughness,some destroying mat fragments caused curling,rolling and the development of "sand ball" with ring structure in vibrating water,and those mat fragments and sand balls were transported into deeper water by lake gravity flow later,forming the obvious conglomerates in Liujiagou Formation of Lower Triassic in western He'nan Province.
  • 摘要：鄂尔多斯盆地下白垩统志丹群产出丰富的四足类动物化石:龟类、离龙类、鳄形类、鹦鹉嘴龙类、剑龙类、甲龙类、兽脚类、鸟类和早期哺乳类.采自内蒙古杭锦旗老龙豁子志丹群罗汉洞组剑龙类关联的荐椎与肠骨化石新标本,其形态特征显示该标本可被归为鄂尔多斯乌尔禾龙(Wuerhosaurus ordosensis).该标本解剖学研究表明,鄂尔多斯乌尔禾龙腰带还具有以下特征:上髋臼面前缘向后凹而后缘内侧更加内凹.鄂尔多斯乌尔禾龙(Wuerhosaurus ordosensis)和新疆准噶尔盆地的平坦乌尔禾龙(Wuerhosaurus homheni)在腰带上存在明显区别:①鄂尔多斯乌尔禾龙肠骨前突延伸较短,肠骨前突背缘向后逐渐向背侧拱曲、高度逐渐加大,而平坦乌尔禾龙肠骨前突后端背腹缘大致平行;②鄂尔多斯乌尔禾龙上髋臼面较小;③鄂尔多斯乌尔禾龙左右肠骨前突延伸方向与中轴线之间的夹角略小于平坦乌尔禾龙.这些区别进一步表明,鄂尔多斯乌尔禾龙和平坦乌尔禾龙是不同的种.%The Early Cretaceous Zhidan Group in the northern Ordos Basin of Inner Mongolia yielded a large number of tetrapods, which included turtles, choristoderes, crocodyliforms, psittacosaurs, stegosaurs, ankylosaurs, theropods, birds and primitive mammals. A well-preserved stegosaurian sacrum with paired ilia found from the Luohandong Formation, a middle-upper unit of Zhidan Group, is referred to as Wuerhosaurus ordosensis. The new findings give some additional characteristics to the pelvic girdle in W. ordo?sensis, such as both concave anterior margin and concave medio-posterior margin of the supra-acetabular flange. Based on compari?son of Wuerhosaurus ordosensis with W. homheni known from Xinjiang, the authors point out the differences in ilia between the two species:①a relatively short anterior iliac process in W. ordosensis;②the anterior iliac process with arched posterior portion of the dor?sal margin in W. ordosensis, and anterior iliac process with nearly parallel dorsal and ventral margins in W. homheni; ③the relatively small angle between anterior iliac processes and midline in W. ordosensis. These characteristics further provide the evidence that W. or?dosensis and W. homheni are different species.

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