摘要:对北京地区市场占有率高、口碑好的部分中式快餐、日韩式快餐、西式快餐共计11家快餐品牌的30种畅销套餐的营养状况进行调查,并以"份"为单位测定各类套餐的重量、基础营养素、有益营养素和限制性营养素的含量。调查发现,每份套餐的平均重量在571.9~1008.7g,中式、日韩式快餐的总重高于西式,中式和日韩式差别不显著。基础营养素方面,每份套餐的蛋白质平均为21.5~31.7g,脂肪为16.5~36.2g,碳水化合物为71.2~144.9g。有益营养素方面,饭类套餐中西式快餐的钙、铁和维生素A均低于中式和日韩式,中式和日韩式无显著差异。面类套餐中铁和膳食纤维的含量为中式〉日韩式〉西式。限制性营养素方面,每份套餐钠含量为789~2829mg;饭类套餐中饱和脂肪酸以西式快餐含量最高(11.7g),胆固醇含量差别不明显。面类套餐中日韩式快餐的饱和脂肪酸和胆固醇的含量均高于中式和西式,中式和西式差别无显著性。总之,与2002年全国营养调查中城市居民的膳食营养素摄入状况相比,北京地区被调查快餐基本可以满足人体对基础营养素的需求,但微量元素不足或不平衡的问题依然存在。%Part of the Chinese fast food,Japanese and Korean-style fast food,Western-style fast-food including 30 best-selling packages of 11 fast-food brands which have high market share and good reputation in Beijing was selected for investigation of nutritional status,and "copy" was selected as the unit for the determination of package weight,basic nutrients content,beneficial nutrients content and restrictive nutrient content of various types.The survey found that the average weight of each package was between 571.9~1008.7g and that the overall weight of Chinese,Japanese-Korean-style fast food was greater than Western style.In the same time,difference between Chinese and Japanese-Korean-style was not significant.As for basic nutrients,on an average,each package contains 21.5~31.7 grams of protein,16.5~36.2 grams of fat and 71.2~144.9 grams of carbohydrate.As for beneficial nutrients,Western rice-type package contains less calcium,iron and vitamin than the Chinese and Japanese-Korean style,and in the same time,there was no significant difference between Chinese and Japanese-Korean style.Content of iron and dietary fiber in flour-type packages was in order of ChineseJapanese-Korean styleWestern.As for restrictive nutrient,sodium content of each package was between 789mg and 2829mg;Western-style fast food has the highest saturated fatty acid content(11.7g) of all rice-type packages,but there was no significant difference in cholesterol levels;of all flour-type packages,Japanese-Korean styles contain more saturated fatty acids and cholesterol than Chinese and Western style,and there was no significant difference between Chinese and Western style.In conclusion,compared to dietary intake of urban resident in 2002 national nutrition survey,surveyed fast food in Beijing can basically meet the body needs for basic nutrients,but trace element deficiency or imbalance still exists.