为研究宝山引航作业区在航引航交接对船舶交通流的影响,采用自动识别系统( Automatic Identification System,AIS)观测的船舶流量数据和水上交通冲突数据采集系统采集的交通冲突数据,从交通流状态、交通流速度、交通量损失以及引航艇在引航作业区航行时的交通冲突等4个方面进行分析.结果表明:当进行在航引航交接时,宝山引航作业区交通流速度下降明显,产生的冲击波速度约为5.64 kn；船舶速度离散性增大,交通流通过能力下降；航道时间占有率急剧增加,平均引航交接一次约造成2.3艘交通量损失；某天24 h由引航艇造成的交通冲突共189次,其中42次发生于引航作业区.%In order to analyze the influence of pilotage transfer underway on vessel traffic flow in Baoshan pilotage area, the ship traffic flow data from Automatic Identification System ( AIS) and the conflict data from the waterway traffic conflict data acquisition system were analyzed from four aspects; the states of traffic flow, traffic flow velocity, traffic volume loss and traffic conflicts caused by pilot boat when navigating in pilotage area. The results show; when pilotage transfer occurs underway, the traffic flow velocity in Baoshan pilotage area decreases significantly, and the shock wave speed is about 5. 64 kn; the ship speed divergence increases and the traffic flow capacity drops; time occupancy of fairway increases sharply so that each pilotage transfer causes an average ship delay of about 2. 3; there are a total of 189 conflicts caused by pilot boat in 24 h, 42 of which happen in the pilotage area.
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