World trade has continued to be characterised by the effects of BSE and FMD related trade restrictions. However, those countries most affected, the United States by BSE and Brazil be FMD, have both managed to export more by diverting to alternative markets. For the US the Japanese market has remained closed, although there is now optimism that this situation will shortly change. This year the US has exported considerably more to both Mexico and Canada. Brazil has lost out to the EU on the Russian market but instead has supplied more to Egypt. Production has risen this year in both the United States and Brazil.
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