将两块 6061-T6 板中间嵌入一块纯铜板(Al/Cu/Al),利用搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)技术焊合,研究铜板插入对焊接接头性能的影响,并与无铜板的搅拌摩擦焊AA 6061 (Al/Al)的研究结果进行比较.用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察焊接样品的显微组织,用 X 射线衍射分析 Al/Cu/Al 样品的相组成.在转速为1000 r/min 和焊接速度为25 mm/min条件下观察到Al/Cu/Al焊接接头无缺陷.焊核区的显微组织观察结果显示类似复合物结构的形成促进了铝和铜的冶金结合.XRD结果显示形成了金属间化合物 (IMCs),如Al4Cu9和Al2Cu.由于其更高的位错密度,有 Cu 板的焊接样品的硬度较高,且 IMCs 存在的区域其硬度值明显更高.由于铝和铜之间更强的冶金结合,有铜板的焊接接头的极限抗拉强度比无铜板的接头更高.%Friction stir welding was used to join two aluminum 6061-T6 plates with an insert of a pure copper plate (Al/Cu/Al), and then the influence of the copper insert on the joint performance was studied. The dissimilar welding results were also compared with AA 6061 friction stir welds produced without copper insert (Al/Al). Optical and scanning electron microscopes were used for the microstructural observations of the welded samples. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to analyze phase component of the Al/Cu/Al specimen. A defect-free joint was observed for the Al/Cu/Al joint at a rotational speed of 950 r/min and a welding speed of 50 mm/min. Microstructural observation of the weld nugget zone (WNZ) demonstrates the formation of composite-like structure which promotes metallurgical bonding of aluminum and copper. XRD results show the formation of intermetallic compounds (IMCs), such as Al4Cu9and Al2Cu. Furthermore, it was observed that the hardness of the weld with the Cu insert plate is higher than that of other samples due to more dislocation density and a distinct rise in hardness values was observed due to the presence of IMCs. The ultimate tensile strength of the joint with copper insert plate is higher than that of the other sample due to the strong metallurgical bonding between Al and Cu.
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