圆柱壳附近水下爆炸气泡动态特性研究

摘要

基于不可压缩势流理论,运用边界元方法,建立圆柱壳附近水下爆炸气泡三维数值模型.然后采用该模型模拟深水中圆柱壳附近近场水下爆炸气泡运动,并对气泡动态特性以及攻角大小对其影响规律进行了研究.计算结果表明,膨胀阶段气泡受浮力作用以及壁面的排斥作用影响较小;收缩阶段气泡受浮力作用以及气泡受壁面的吸引作用影响较大,随攻角的减小,气泡射流作用和气泡脉动压力均逐渐增强,即爆点位于圆柱壳结构正下方时所造成的结构损伤最为严重.研究结论有益于潜艇结构抗爆防护设计,也为水下爆炸气泡载荷作用下潜艇结构毁伤机理研究提供了参考依据.%To study underwater explosion bubble dynamics nearby cylindrical structure in deep water,three-dimensional numerical model was established based on boundary element method under potential flow assumption.Then the bubble motion and the influence of attack angles on bubble dynamics were achieved using the model.By analysis of different underwater explosion cases,we discovered that the influence of buoyancy and the attraction of cylindrical structure on the expanding bubble are tiny,while the influence of buoyancy and the resistance of cylindrical structure on the shrinking bubble are large.Bubble jet and pulsation become larger as the attack angle decreasing.In other words,the bubble is most destructive when it is right below the cylindrical structure.These conclusions are meaningful for the anti-explosion and protective design of submarine and can provide reference for the future research on the interaction mechanism between the underwater explosion bubble and submerged structures.